Orthodontics

• Passivation in stainless steel: Chromium
• RANK/RANKL: Increases tooth movement
• Asperities: Contact ridges during sliding
• Toughness: Area under stress-strain curve

 Miscellaneous

• Pitch: Up-down movement of maxilla in AP plane
• Washboard appearance: Thin mandibular labial cortical plate in Class III
• Facial index 82%: Euryprosopic face
• Mandibular plane change: 15° core rotation → 2 – 4° decrease
• Attraction: Dental arch close to FH plane
• Envelope of discrepancy: Orthognathic surgery allows max movement
• Nine theorems of retention: Riedel