General Medicine

Condition	Key Insight
Autoimmune Hemolysis	Spherocytes; seen in CLL, SLE
Cold AIHA	Donath – Landsteiner antibodies
Hereditary Spherocytosis	↑ Osmotic fragility; Parvovirus risk
PNH	Stem cell disorder; thrombosis risk
Sickle Cell Disease	Hb defect: Glu → Val substitution
Commonest presentation	Bone pain (vaso-occlusive crisis)
Sickle Trait	Protection against malaria
Radiologic sign	Crew haircut, Gandy gamma bodies
Chronic cases	Splenomegaly often absent