NEET MDS Shorts
652806
General MedicineIn pneumothorax, breath sounds are absent
654356
General Medicine
H. pylori produces the enzyme urease, which breaks down urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide, raising the local pH around the bacteria and protecting them from the acidic gastric environment.
197471
General MedicinePleurisy, or inflammation of the pleural lining, is the most common serosal involvement in SLE. This can lead to pleural effusions and chest pain.
773782
General MedicineIn liver disease, especially cirrhosis, there is a decrease in hepatic synthesis of clotting factors, particularly factor II (prothrombin). Vitamin K deficiency is also common in liver disease, which further contributes to hypoprothrombinemia. The deficiency of fibrinogen (factor I) would also result in a bleeding diathesis but is less common in liver disease. Factors V and VIII are also synthesized in the liver but are less frequently affected than factor II in such cases.
223554
General MedicineDIC is a serious condition characterized by the widespread activation of the coagulation cascade, leading to the formation of blood clots throughout the small blood vessels. This can result in organ dysfunction and bleeding. The most critical step in managing DIC is to identify and treat the underlying cause (such as infection, trauma, or malignancy) because addressing the root issue can help resolve the coagulation abnormalities.
695981
General Medicine
Chronic kidney disease is typically diagnosed by the presence of persistent proteinuria or a decreased glomerular filtration rate for over 3 months, along with evidence of kidney damage.
731295
General MedicineCushing's ulcers are typically found in the stomach, often along the lesser curvature or the anterior wall, and are associated with increased gastric acid secretion secondary to excessive vagal stimulation due to intracranial lesions.
665594
General Medicine
Although H. pylori infection can be associated with elevated gastrin levels, it typically presents with normal or elevated gastric acid production and predominantly antral gastritis, which increases the risk of duodenal ulcers.