5 MCQs • Practice Free attempt
Oral Surgery — 5 Questions
Effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can lead to improved cerebral perfusion and oxygenation, which may result in constriction of the pupils (miosis) as the body begins to recover from the state of shock.
In an unconscious patient lying supine, the tongue can fall back and obstruct the airway due to loss of muscle tone. This is the most common airway hazard in this position.
A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that involves creating an opening in the trachea (windpipe) to facilitate breathing. The preferred site for making the incision during a tracheostomy is the cricothyroid ligament, which is located between the cricoid and thyroid cartilages.
Cricothyroid ligament: This ligament is relatively superficial and provides a safe access point to the airway, especially in emergency situations. It is often chosen for emergency tracheostomy because it is easier to locate and access quickly.
Severe acidosis, particularly metabolic acidosis, can occur following prolonged cardiac arrest and subsequent CPR. The primary goal in managing such cases is to restore normal pH levels in the body, which is crucial for proper cellular function and overall physiological homeostasis.
1. Sodium bicarbonate Sodium bicarbonate is a strong base that reacts with hydrogen ions (H+), which are responsible for acidity in the blood, to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). This reaction helps to neutralize the excess hydrogen ions, thereby raising the pH of the blood. It is administered intravenously because it allows for rapid distribution throughout the body and direct access to the circulatory system where it can counteract acidosis most effectively. The intravenous route ensures that the medication reaches the bloodstream quickly and in a controlled manner, making it the preferred method for acute and severe cases. 2. Adrenaline (epinephrine)*: Although adrenaline is a crucial medication used in CPR for its vasopressor and cardiac stimulant effects, it is not the primary treatment for severe acidosis. Adrenaline is typically administered to improve cardiac output and blood pressure during CPR.
The recommended rate for rescue breathing in adults is approximately 12 breaths per minute. This rate allows for adequate ventilation without causing hyperventilation.
Unlock every synopsis, note & mock test — synced across all your devices.
NEET MDS