This high-yield revision note on Maxillofacial Fractures: LeFort I, II, III & Mandibular Fractures covers everything examiners typically test under Oral Surgery — structured as quick-reference tables, clinical correlations, mnemonics and previous-year-style high-yield points. It's built for last-mile revision before NEET MDS, INI-CET MDS and INBDE, so you can scan it in minutes instead of re-reading a whole textbook chapter.
| Fracture | Fracture Line | Classic Clinical Sign |
|---|---|---|
| LeFort I (Guerin fracture) | Horizontal, above the tooth apices, separating the alveolar process/palate from the rest of the maxilla | Mobile maxilla/palate only ("floating palate"), normal upper facial contour |
| LeFort II (pyramidal fracture) | Through the nasal bridge, medial orbit, infraorbital rim, extending obliquely to the pterygomaxillary region | Pyramidal mid-face mobility, "dish face" deformity, possible CSF rhinorrhea, bilateral periorbital ecchymosis ("raccoon eyes") |
| LeFort III (craniofacial disjunction) | Through the nasofrontal suture, orbital floor/wall, and zygomatic arch bilaterally | Complete craniofacial separation ("floating face"), CSF rhinorrhea, entire midface mobile against a stabilized forehead/skull on manipulation |
| Mandibular fracture signs (general) | - | Malocclusion, palpable step deformity, sublingual hematoma, lower lip paresthesia (IAN involvement), abnormal segment mobility; angle and condyle are common fracture sites |
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