This high-yield revision note on Periodontium: Cementum, PDL, Alveolar Bone & Gingiva in One Article covers everything examiners typically test under Oral Anatomy & Histology — structured as quick-reference tables, clinical correlations, mnemonics and previous-year-style high-yield points. It's built for last-mile revision before NEET MDS, INI-CET MDS and INBDE, so you can scan it in minutes instead of re-reading a whole textbook chapter.
| Component | Key Points |
|---|---|
| Gingiva | Free (marginal), attached (keratinized, stippled, tightly bound to bone), interdental papilla. Width of attached gingiva variable, least in mandibular premolar region |
| Periodontal ligament (PDL) | Connects cementum to alveolar bone via Sharpey's fibers; principal fiber groups: alveolar crest, horizontal, oblique (main stress-bearing, most numerous), apical, interradicular |
| Cementum | Acellular (primary, coronal 2/3) vs cellular (secondary, apical 1/3 & furcation, can repair) |
| Alveolar bone | Cribriform plate (lamina dura radiographically) + cancellous bone + cortical plates; bundle bone where Sharpey's fibers insert |
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