NEET MDS Shorts
859236
General MedicineAdrenaline (epinephrine) is a sympathomimetic agent that causes bronchodilatation. It is used to relieve bronchospasm in anaphylactic shock reactions.
Histamine, kinins and prostaglandins, such as prostaglandin E2, are inflammatory mediators. In response to allergic stimuli, inflammatory mediators may cause bronchoconstrictions.
Guaifenesin is an expectorant preparation that increases bronchial secretions to promote the expulsion of the mucus coughed up.
402725
Microbiology
Incubation period: This term is typically used for
infectious diseases and refers to the time between exposure to the
infectious agent and the onset of symptoms.
Serial interval: This refers to the time between
successive cases in a chain of transmission, specifically in infectious
diseases.
Latent period: This is the time from the initiation of
the disease process (or exposure to a risk factor) until the disease is
detectable or until symptoms appear. In non-infectious diseases, this period
can be significant, as the disease may be developing without any noticeable
symptoms.
Lag time: This term can refer to various delays in
processes but is not specifically defined in the context of disease
initiation and detection.
471696
Oral SurgeryAnterior to lateral pterygoid plate. In the extraoral maxillary nerve block, the
needle is inserted at the posterior aspect of the condylar neck and directed
anteriorly to target the pterygomandibular space, which contains the maxillary
nerve and its branches. This technique is used to anesthetize the molars and
premolars of the upper jaw and is also known as the Vazirani-Akinosi technique.
880881
PeriodonticsGore-Tex is a type of barrier membrane used in guided tissue regeneration (GTR) procedures. Its primary purpose is to prevent the formation of long junctional epithelium, allowing for the regeneration of periodontal tissues, including bone and connective tissue. While it does not directly prevent osseous regeneration or connective tissue attachment, it creates a barrier that favors the regeneration of the desired tissues.
572834
PeriodonticsThe treatment for necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) typically involves debridement to remove necrotic tissue and improve oral hygiene. Providing oral hygiene instructions is also crucial to prevent recurrence.
456979
General MicrobiologyHLA class I antigens are the principal antigens that induce an immune response in the host against transplanted tissues.
863518
Endodontics1) The upper first premolar usually has two canals: This statement is true. While the presence of two canals in the upper first premolar is not guaranteed, it is quite common to find two canals in this tooth.
2) Root canal instruments are best sterilized by a chemical method: This statement is false. The best method for sterilizing root canal instruments is heat sterilization using an autoclave. Chemical methods can be used for surface disinfection but are not adequate for sterilization.
3) All root canals must be enlarged to at least a size 25 file: This statement is true. Enlarging the root canals to a size 25 or larger is a part of the cleaning and shaping process in root canal therapy to ensure thorough debridement and preparation for filling.
590035
PedodonticsThe advantage of electrosurgery over blade for gingival tissue management is less hemorrhage.