Periodontology

• Biological Width: Composed of connective tissue (1.07 mm) and epithelial attachment (0.97 mm).
• Gingival Sulcus: Shallower in primary teeth; probing depth is 1 – 2 mm.
• Gingival Blood Supply: Includes supraperiosteal arterioles, periodontal ligament vessels, and interdental septa arterioles.
• GCF (Gingival Crevicular Fluid): Can be exudative or transudative; becomes exudative during inflammation.

Pediatric & Pregnancy Considerations

• Safest Dental Care Period: Early second trimester.
• Pregnancy Gingivitis: Characterized by pronounced bleeding.
• Puberty-Related Changes: Increase in P. intermedia and Capnocytophaga.