NEET MDS Shorts
651281
Oral PathologyTobacco use, particularly smoking, is known to cause various oral lesions, including hyperkeratosis, which is a thickening of the outer layer of the skin or mucous membranes. This can manifest as leukoplakia or other forms of keratosis in the oral cavity. While tobacco can also lead to erythema and ulceration, hyperkeratosis is the most directly associated condition.
709757
Prosthodontics
Chroma refers to the purity or saturation of a
color, distinguishing it from its brightness (value) or hue. In dental
color-matching, chroma is an essential factor when selecting materials for
aesthetic restorations.
729757
PhysiologyThe acrosome is a cap-like structure located on the head of a spermatozoon. It contains lysosome-like organelles rich in enzymes that are essential for penetrating the egg's outer layers during fertilization.
156257
MicrobiologyThere are some enzymes that cause protein to coagulate rather than to produce simpler compund These are known as lab enzymes
1. Coagulase:
Definition: Coagulase is an enzyme produced by certain
bacteria, most notably Staphylococcus aureus. It catalyzes the
conversion of fibrinogen (a soluble plasma protein) into fibrin (an
insoluble protein), leading to the clotting of blood.
Function: The production of coagulase is a virulence
factor for Staphylococcus aureus, as it helps the bacteria evade
the host's immune system by forming a protective clot around the bacterial
cells. This clot can shield the bacteria from phagocytosis and other immune
responses.
Clinical Relevance: Coagulase is used in laboratory
tests to differentiate between pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus (coagulase-positive)
and non-pathogenic staphylococci (coagulase-negative).
2. Proteolytic Enzymes:
Definition: Proteolytic enzymes, also known as
proteases or peptidases, are enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of proteins
into smaller peptides or amino acids by cleaving the peptide bonds between
amino acids.
Function: These enzymes play crucial roles in various
biological processes, including digestion, protein turnover, cell signaling,
and immune responses. They are found in many organisms, including humans,
where they are involved in the digestion of dietary proteins in the stomach
and small intestine.
Types: Proteolytic enzymes can be classified based on
their mechanism of action (e.g., serine proteases, cysteine proteases,
aspartic proteases, and metalloproteases) and their substrate specificity.
Wenmycin is an antibiotic that is derived from the
bacterium Streptomyces wenyangensis. It belongs to the class of
compounds known as macrolide antibiotics, which are
characterized by their large lactone ring structure. Wenmycin has been studied
for its antimicrobial properties, particularly against certain types of
bacteria.
943681
ProsthodonticsWhich of the following shows 200% of its adult growth by age 9-10 years: Lymphoid.
934439
Oral SurgeryNerve membrane stabilization action of local anaesthetic agents is due to preventing conductance of Na ions from the exterior of the nerve to the interior.
757781
Dental AnatomyA tooth makes its appearance in the oral cavity usually when one half of the root is completed
298517
OrthodonticsThe lymphoid system, which includes lymph nodes, spleen, and other lymphatic tissues, undergoes significant growth during childhood. By the age of 9-10 years, the lymphoid tissue can reach approximately 200% of its adult size due to the increased demand for immune function during this period. This growth is part of the body's preparation for increased exposure to pathogens as children interact more with their environment.