NEET MDS Shorts
933922
Oral MedicineBarium carbonate can cause muscle weakness by increasing muscle sodium permeability and decreasing potassium permeability, leading to a large shift of extracellular potassium into muscle cells, resulting in hypokalemia.
186120
Oral MedicineLong-term inhaled corticosteroid therapy is commonly used in COPD management to reduce inflammation and exacerbations. Common side effects include oral thrush, pneumonia due to immunocompromise, and osteoporosis due to steroid-induced bone loss. Tachycardia is not a typical side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.
413406
Oral medicineThe term "potato tumour" is often used to describe a chemodectoma, which is a type of tumor that arises from the chemoreceptor cells of the carotid body. These tumors can be vascular and may have a lobulated appearance, resembling a potato. They are typically benign but can cause symptoms due to their location and pressure effects on surrounding structures.
925225
Oral MedicinePTHrP is a protein that is structurally similar to parathyroid hormone (PTH) but is produced by some tumor cells. It acts on the PTH receptor, leading to increased calcium levels in the blood, similar to PTH. HHM is most often associated with overproduction of PTHrP by tumors, causing hypercalcemia without the typical elevation in PTH levels seen in primary hyperparathyroidism.
689835
Oral MedicineThe initial event in a vasovagal syncope episode is an increase in catecholamine release, leading to a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and tachycardia.
583017
Oral MedicineThe combination of fever, vomiting, and diarrhea with seizures in a young child is more indicative of gastroenteritis, which can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalances leading to seizures, rather than the other options listed.
873111
Oral MedicinePaget's disease is characterized by excessive and abnormal bone remodeling, which results in increased bone turnover. This increased turnover is reflected in the serum by high levels of alkaline phosphatase, an enzyme involved in bone formation. While calcium and phosphorus levels may be affected in some cases, the hallmark biochemical abnormality in Paget's disease is elevated alkaline phosphatase.
414670
Oral medicineWhile hypertension can have various health implications, it is not typically
associated with delayed wound healing. In contrast, malignancy, diabetes, and
infection are known to impair the healing process.