438150

Chronic hepatitis is characterized by the persistent presence of liver inflammation and damage, typically lasting for more than 6 months. It can be caused by various factors, including viral infections, alcohol abuse, autoimmune diseases, and metabolic disorders. The diagnosis is often made based on a combination of clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, and liver biopsy findings.

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Obstructive jaundice is associated with increased cholesterol levels due to impaired cholesterol metabolism.

898200

In early Huntington's disease, common behavioral symptoms include depression, apathy, irritability, and social withdrawal. Hyperactivity is not a typical early symptom; rather, the disease is more associated with a decline in motor function and increased involuntary movements (chorea).

166189

A positive tuberculin skin test indicates a past exposure to TB bacteria, which has led to the development of an immune response. Latent TB infection is asymptomatic and does not imply active disease. Further tests are needed to rule out active TB.

709022

Acetaminophen is primarily known for its analgesic and antipyretic (fever-reducing) effects. It is a common component in many over-the-counter pain relief medications.

870070

Beta2 agonists, such as albuterol, work by binding to beta2 receptors on the smooth muscles surrounding the airways, leading to relaxation of these muscles and bronchodilation, which helps alleviate the bronchospasm characteristic of an asthma attack.

449576

Rifampicin is a first-line drug for the treatment of tuberculous meningitis. It has excellent penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid and is bactericidal. Isoniazid and ethambutol are also commonly used as part of a multi-drug regimen, but rifampicin is particularly important due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier effectively and its rapid bactericidal activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

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