NEET MDS Shorts
331060
Public Health DentistryThe generally accepted "certainly lethal dose" range for 70 kg adults, i.e.,
from 5 to 10 g of sodium fluoride or from 32 to 64 mg fluoride/kg
The concept of a "probably toxic dose" (PTD) is advanced. The PTD, 5.0 mg
F/kg, is defined as the dose of ingested fluoride that should trigger immediate
therapeutic intervention and hospitalization because of the likelihood of
serious toxic consequences.
917222
PhysiologyThe macula densa cells respond to decreases in sodium chloride concentration in the tubular fluid by releasing renin, which initiates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). This leads to increased sodium reabsorption and water retention, thereby restoring the sodium chloride balance and blood volume.
889138
PedodonticsThe periodontal pocket principally contains microorganisms, their products, and debris.
224998
Conservative DentistryWhen punching holes to place a rubber dam for a class V cavity on the facial
surface, punching holes larger and facially provides better access and
visibility. This allows for easier placement and removal of the dam, as well as
less risk of damaging the adjacent tissue
581634
General MedicineBlack urine can be associated with several conditions:
Bilirubinuria: The presence of bilirubin in urine can
lead to dark urine, although it is typically more yellow-brown than black.
Blackwater fever: This is a severe complication of
malaria that can cause hemolysis and dark urine due to the presence of
hemoglobin.
Alkaptonuria: This is a rare genetic disorder where
homogentisic acid accumulates in the body, leading to dark urine upon
exposure to air.
804470
PharmacologyIt is also used to treat ventricular tachycardia and to perform nerve blocks
Dosage Of Local Anesthesia:
1) Safety dose of 2% Lignocaine is 4.5mg/kg without a Vasoconstrictor
Without a Vasoconstrictor 300 mg (maximum dose)
2) Safety dose of 2% Lignocaine is 7mg/kg with a Vasoconstrictor
With a Vasoconstrictor – 500 mg (maximum dose)
3) As 1ml of 2% Lignocaine contains 20mg – Where the Maximum safety dose being 300 mg
So 15 ml of Drug can be given safely
4) 1:1,00,000 concentration means 1 part of Adrenaline is 1,00,000 parts of Solution
Safety Dose of Adrenaline for Dental Use in normal patients is 0.2 mg – which means 20 ml of LA can be given to normal patients containing Adrenaline
For cardiac Patients the safety dose of Adrenaline is 0.04mg – Which means 4ml of LA can be given to Patients with cardiac problems containing Adrenaline
5) If the concentration of LA is 1:50,000 – 10 ml of LA can be given safely
699662
General PathologyOsmotic fragility is increased in hereditary spherocytosis due to the abnormal shape and membrane stability of red blood cells.
472258
EndodonticsIn endodontics, files are numbered according to their size, with smaller numbers indicating larger files. The smallest file commonly used is size 6.