NEET MDS Shorts
891125
PhysiologyThe rate of gastric emptying is influenced by the presence of food in the stomach, the type of food (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats), the distension of the duodenum, and the hormone gastrin, which can increase the rate of emptying.
815263
PharmacologyOprelvekin (Interleukin 11) is the only agent approved by the FDA for treatment of thrombocytopenia secondary to myelosuppressive cancer chemotherapy
Filgrastim (G-CSF) and Sargramostim (GM-SCF) are used in the treatment of neutropenia
Erythropoietin is used in treatment of anemia
231418
PhysiologyGastrin is released from G cells in the antral mucosa of the stomach in response to the presence of food. It stimulates the parietal cells of the stomach to secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor, contributing to the gastric phase of acid secretion.
477001
PhysiologyIntrinsic factor facilitates the binding of vitamin B12 to intestinal receptors, which is essential for its absorption in the ileum.
463394
Oral MedicineClonidine is a centrally acting antihypertensive that reduces blood pressure by decreasing sympathetic outflow. It can sometimes cause bradycardia rather than increased heart rate. Other common side effects include dry mouth, dizziness, and sedation.
144026
ProsthodonticsExplanation: The medial pterygoid muscle primarily functions to move the
mandible medially and assist in closing the jaw. It does not directly influence
the borders of a maxillary denture in the region of the pterygomaxillary notch.
Instead, it is involved in the movement of the mandible and may indirectly
affect the fit and stability of the denture.
709925
PhysiologyThe primary site of absorption for calcium, iron, and vitamin B12 is the jejunum, making the answer "All of the above" correct.
424640
PathologyCells die by one of two mechanisms – necrosis or
apoptosis
• Two physiologically different processes
– Necrosis – death by injury
– Apoptosis – death by suicide
Appoptosis:
Disintegration of cells into membrane-bound particles that are then eliminated by phagocytosis or by shedding.