SOLUTION
· Pont’s in 1905 presented a system whereby the measurement of the four maxillary incisors automatically established the width of the arch in the premolar and molar region.  If measured value is less than calculated value, it indicates the need for expansion. 

· Linder Harth index: This analysis is very similar to Pont’s analysis except that a new formula has been proposed to determine the calculated premolar and molar value. 

· Korkhaus analysis: This analysis is also very similar to Pont’s analysis it makes use of Linder Harth’s formula to determine the ideal arch width in the premolar and molar region.
 In addition this analysis utilizes a measurement made from the midpoint of the inter-premolar line to a point in between the two maxillary incisors. 
 
· Bolton’s analysis: The Bolton’s analysis helps in determining disproportion in size between maxillary and mandibular teeth. 

A soft bristle brush is the most effective tool for removing plaque after the application of a disclosing solution. It allows for thorough cleaning of the tooth surfaces, including areas that may be difficult to reach with other methods.

Pyogenic granuloma bleeds on touch, is painless, and is soft in consistency.

Protein S, in complex with activated protein C, acts as a cofactor for the inhibition of factor Xa, thus playing a role in the regulation of the coagulation cascade and preventing thrombus formation.