NEET MDS Shorts
37435
General PathologyOsmotic fragility is increased in hereditary spherocytosis due to the abnormal shape and membrane stability of red blood cells.
74008
Oral PathologyBrownish pigmentation with normal laboratory findings may indicate Addison's disease.
57446
Oral Medicine
Albuterol is a beta2-adrenergic agonist that relaxes bronchial smooth muscles, while ipratropium is a muscarinic antagonist that blocks the parasympathetic effects on the airways, leading to bronchodilation.
18322
Oral medicineEmergency measures for caustic ingestion include endoscopic assessment of degree of damage. Gastric lavage is contraindicated as it may cause further injury. Early endoscopy helps assess severity, guide treatment, and determine prognosis. Other options mentioned are consequences, not treatments.
95272
NEETMDS
The complement system is a part of the immune system that enhances the
ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells
from an organism, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen's cell membrane.
Immunoglobulins IgM and IgG are known to activate the classical complement
pathway.
IgE and IgA do not activate the complement system.IgE is primarily involved in
allergic reactions and immunity against parasites.
IgA is found mainly in mucosal secretions.
72003
RadiologyA developer at high temperature will cause a very dark image.
97122
Oral Pathology
53985
Medicine
34333
Oral PathologyPyostomatitis vegetans is a rare inflammatory condition of the oral mucosa that is strongly associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly ulcerative colitis. It is characterized by the presence of numerous small, yellow-white pustules on an erythematous base, which coalesce to form vegetative or papillary projections with a "snail track" appearance.
33355
NEETMDS
The frozen section procedure is the examination of tissue to make a rapid microscopic diagnosis of a specimen while surgery is taking place. It is often used in oncological surgery to inform the surgeon if the surgical margin is clear of residual cancer, or if residual cancer is present at the surgical margin.
The technical name for this procedure is cryosection. The report given by the
pathologist is usually limited to a "benign" or "malignant diagnosis, and
communicated to the surgeon operating via intercom. When operating on a previously confirmed malignancy, the main purpose of the pathologist is to
inform the surgeon if the surgical margin is clear of residual cancer, or if
residual cancer is present at the surgical margin
Advantages of frozen section biopsy:
If more tissue is needed to make an accurate diagnosis, the surgeon is able to
obtain an additional sample, avoiding a second operation.
If the tissue is determined to be cancerous and is amenable to surgery, the mass
can b removed at that time
If the tissue is determined to be benign (not cancerous), then the mass may not
always need to be removed and the surgery can end.