NEET MDS Shorts
35408
PharmacologyThe penicillin with the best gram negative spectrum is ampicillin
26947
Pharmacology
Ipratropium (as ipratropium bromide, trade name Atrovent) is an anticholinergic drug administered by inhalation for the treatment of obstructive lung diseases. It acts by blocking muscarinic receptors in the lung, inhibiting bronchoconstriction and mucus secretion. It is a non-selective muscarinic antagonist, and does not diffuse into the blood, which prevents systemic side effects.
Ipratropium is a derivative of atropine[1] but is a quaternary amine and therefore does not cross the blood-brain barrier
62233
Pharmacology
Beta blockers
Hypoglycemia can occur with beta-blockade because b2- adrenoceptors normally stimulate hepatic glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) and pancreatic release of glucagon, which work together to increase plasma glucose.
15337
Pharmacology
Status asthmaticus/Refractory asthma Any patient of asthma is susceptible to develop acute severe asthma which may be life-threatening. Upper respiratory tract infection is the most common precipitant. (i) Hydrocortisone hemisuccinate 100 mg (or equivalent dose of another glucocorticoid) i.v. stat, followed by 100-200 mg 4-8 hourly infusion; may take upto 6 hours to act. (ii) Nebulized salbutamol (2.5-5 mg) + ipratropium bromide (0.5 mg) intermittent inhalations driven by O2 . (iii) High flow humidified oxygen inhalation (iv) Salbutamol/terbutaline 0.4 mg i.m./s.c. may be added since inhaled drug might not get to smaller bronchi owing to severe narrowing/plugging with secretions (v) Intubation and mechanical ventilation if needed (vi) intensive antibiotic therapy to be used for treating chest infection (vii) Treat dehydration and acidosis with saline + sod. Bicarbonate/lactate infusion.
37938
Pharmacology
Idoxuridine acts as an antiviral agent against DNA viruses by inhibiting thymidilate phosphorylase and viral DNA polymerases.
The effect of Idoxuridine results in the inability of the virus to reproduce or to infect/destroy tissue.
This product is available in the following dosage forms:Solution and Ointment
80854
Pharmacology
Streptomycin is contraindicated in pregnant women because of fetal ototoxicity.
98141
Pharmacology
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are used in the treatment of: Chronic myeloid leukemia
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia ( philadelphia chromosome positive cases )
Head and neck malignancies
Non small cell carcinoma lung
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours
Hepatocellular cancer
Renal cell carcinoma
Pancreatic cancer
Colorectal cancer
68087
Pharmacology
Acetazolamide is a carbonic acid anhydrase stimulant Acetazolamide, non-competitively (but reversibly) inhibits carbonic anhydrase in proximal tubular cells.
69365
Pharmacology
Other drugs with narrow therapeutic index:
Digoxin Gentamicin Amphotericin B Levothyroxine Prazosin Theophylline Quinidine Warfarin Valproic acid
65646
Pharmacology
Cephalosporins can cause allergic reactions in people with penicillin allergy. The overall rate of allergy to cephalosporins in people with penicillin allergy is approximately 5 to 10%, although rates may be higher for certain people. Allergic reactions to cephalosporins can be severe and even lifethreatening;
it is generally recommended that those allergic to penicillin avoid cephalosporins all together.