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30779
Orthodontics

Terms used to describe the position of teeth.

Mesioversion - A tooth in the arch located more mesial than normal
Distoversion - A tooth in the arch located more distal than normal
Labioversion - An incisor or canine outside of arch towards the lips
Buccoversion - A  posterior tooth outside the arch toward the cheek
Linguoversion - A  tooth inside the arch form toward the tongue
Infraversion  - A tooth that has not erupted to the occlusal plane
Supraversion - A tooth the has over-erupted
Torsiversion - A tooth rotated on its axis
Transversion (Transposition) - Teeth that are in the wrong sequential order.

39931
Orthodontics

Classification of appliances for thumb-sucking

1. Removable appliances- These are passive appliances. These are retained in the oral cavity by means of clasps and they norm have one of these following additional components:
a. Tongue spikes
b. Tongue guard
c. Spurs/rake 

2 Fixed appliances 

a. Quad helix
b. Hay rakes
c. Maxillary lingual arch with palatal crib 

The ideal appliance to correct posterior cross-bite caused due to digit sucking is Quad Helix. It is a lingual arch which is adjustab and needs very little patient cooperation because it is fixed and is reliable and easy to use.

91307
Orthodontics

The Ugly Duckling Stage
Occurs around 8–10 years during eruption of maxillary canines.

Caused by the erupting canines pushing the roots of the lateral incisors medially, which in turn pushes the crowns of the central incisors laterally.

This produces a temporary spacing and flaring of maxillary incisors.

It is self-correcting once the canines erupt fully.

Features seen:
Disto-angular inclination of maxillary central incisors 

Possible increase in overjet due to flaring of incisors

Mandibular lateral incisors lingual to central incisors  (a normal transient stage in mixed dentition)

94219
Orthodontics

Prolonged thumbsucking typically causes an anterior open bite, not a deep overbite.

It commonly leads to proclination (forward tilting) of the upper central incisors.

It can cause rotation of the upper lateral incisors.

It often results in the construction (narrowing) of the maxilla (upper jaw).

52183
Orthodontics

SOLUTION 

Angle of Convexity The angle of convexity is formed by the intersection of line from N to point A, to point A to pogonion.

48975
Orthodontics

Beta titanium wire is most suitable for final tooth adjustments due to its low modulus of elasticity, allowing precise and gentle force application.

74028
Orthodontics

Solution

Circumferential supracrestal fibrotomy (CSF) eliminates the pull of the stretched supracrestal gingival fibres which are the major cause of orthodontic relapse.

75015
Orthodontics

Jasper jumper is a flexible fixed functional appliance used for Class II correction, consisting of a flexible wire that allows mandibular advancement.

84145
Orthodontics

For an 8-year-old patient with skeletal anterior open bite, treatment involves Frankel appliance combined with high-pull headgear to control vertical growth and promote proper jaw development.

36963
Orthodontics

SOLUTION

Optimum orthodontic force is one, which moves teeth most rapidly in the desired direction, with the least possible damage to tissue and with minimum patient discomfort. 

Oppenheim and Schwarz following extensive studies stated that the optimum force is equivalent to the capillary pulse pressure, which is 20-26 gm/sq. cm of root surface area. 

From a clinical point of view, optimum orthodontic force has the following characteristics: 
1) Products rapid tooth movement 
2) Minimal patient discomfort 
3) The lag phase of tooth movement is minimal 
4) No marked mobility of the teeth being moved 

From a histologic point of view the use of optimum orthodontic force has the following characteristics: 

1) The vitality of the tooth and supporting periodontal ligament is maintained 
2) Initiates maximum cellular response 
3) Produces direct or frontal resorption

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