NEET MDS Shorts
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Physiology
The vagus nerve, as part of the parasympathetic system, innervates various organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, influencing heart rate and gastric motility among other functions.
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Orthodontics
Midline diastema Etiology Normal developing dentition - (Ugly Ducking Stage) Parafunctional habits Retrognathic mandible/ Prognathic mandible Frenum attachments Pathological (Juvenile periodontitis)
- Flaccid lips along with poor muscle tone
- Simple Tongue thrust can cause anterior open bite as well as diastema
- Thumb sucking or digit sucking for a prolonged time period
Mesio-distal angulation of teeth
Tooth anomalies (eg. supernumerary teeth, peg laterals, absence of laterals)
51365
General SurgeryFor a T2 tumor (a tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm) of the oral cavity, surgery is generally considered the primary and best treatment option.
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PharmacologyPermanent auditory nerve deafness is frequently associated with use of streptomycin
74376
EndodonticsEstablishing drainage is the first priority in acute apical abscess with swelling. This can be through pulp chamber access, incision and drainage, or extraction - whichever provides fastest drainage and pressure relief.
27727
INI CET
The distal root of the mandibular first molar is often thinner on the buccal aspect due to its concavity/shape, making the buccal wall the most common site for perforation during post-space preparation.
89882
Dental Materials
The Vickers hardness test is the most suitable for materials that exhibit
elastic recovery. The Vickers hardness test involves the use of a diamond
indenter in the form of a pyramid with a square base. The test applies a
controlled load to the specimen and measures the depth of the resulting
indentation. It is a micro-indentation hardness test, meaning it is used for
small or thin sections or for precise measurements. This test is particularly
useful for brittle materials, such as ceramics, because it creates a very small
indentation and applies a relatively low load compared to the other methods.
The other options are not as suitable for materials with elastic recovery for
the following reasons:
2. Brinell hardness test: This test uses a spherical indenter, usually a hard
steel or tungsten carbide ball, to press into the material with a significant
load. It is typically used for softer materials and is not as precise for small
indentations or for materials that are prone to plastic deformation, which may
affect the accuracy of the elastic recovery measurement.
3. Knoop hardness test: Similar to the Vickers test, the Knoop test uses a
diamond indenter but in the shape of a rhombic pyramid. Although it is also a
micro-indentation test, the Knoop indenter has a more pointed tip compared to
the Vickers pyramid. This can make it less ideal for certain materials that
exhibit elastic recovery since the sharp tip can cause more plastic deformation
and potentially damage the material.
While all three tests can be used to measure the hardness of materials, the
Vickers test is generally considered the best for materials that exhibit elastic
recovery due to its ability to produce precise and reliable results with minimal
plastic deformation.
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Dental Materials
ADA specification No. 18 categorizes alginate impression materials into two types: Type I (Fast set) with a setting time of 1-2 minutes and Type II (Normal set) with a setting time of 2-4 minutes.
58478
NEETMDS
The thin, delicate membrane covering the crown of a newly erupted tooth is known as Nasmyth/s membrane.
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Dental Materials
The preferred method for degassing powered gold restorations is the use of an alcohol flame, specifically one that is a clean blue flame from absolute or 90% ethyl/methyl alcohol. The material is held in the flame until it reaches a dull red glow, which typically takes 15-20 seconds. This process removes any trapped air or volatile components that could compromise the integrity of the restoration.