NEET MDS Shorts
56335
PedodonticsA mucocele is a common, benign lesion that occurs due to the blockage or rupture of a salivary gland duct, leading to the accumulation of mucous. In children, they often appear as dome-shaped, soft, bluish swellings on the lips or oral mucosa. Other options such as hematoma, melanoma, and hemangioma typically present differently and are less likely to occur in this specific context.
69330
INI CET
Pre-surgical orthodontics involves occlusal decompensation (aligning teeth within each jaw), while post-surgical treatment fine-tunes the occlusion so the teeth fit perfectly in the new skeletal relationship.
73723
Oral SurgeryThe maximum dose of lignocaine without adrenaline that can be administered to a patient is 5 mg/kg body wt.
35777
INI CET
This describes the oculocardiac reflex (or a trigeminovagal response). Manipulation of the maxilla stimulates the trigeminal nerve (V), specifically the V2 division, which acts as the afferent limb. The efferent limb is the vagus nerve (X), leading to bradycardia.
33789
Dental Materials
Ceromer is a composite material that combines the benefits of glass ionomers and composite resins. The inclusion of ceramic fillers and fluoride releasing fillers in a polymer matrix gives Ceromer its unique handling properties and enhances its restorative capabilities.
51448
INI CET
Applying a single force to the crown of a tooth creates tipping movements, resulting in rotation around the tooths center of resistance.
83683
Pathology
The correct answer is: 1. Progression vascularization invasion
detachment embolization.
Explanation of the stages for a malignant tumor cell:
1. Progression: This is the initial stage of tumor development where the cells
acquire the ability to proliferate in an uncontrolled manner. This can be due to
genetic mutations that alter the normal regulatory mechanisms that control cell
division. The tumor grows locally within the tissue or organ of origin.
2. Vascularization: Also known as angiogenesis, this stage involves the
formation of new blood vessels that supply the tumor with nutrients and oxygen,
which is essential for its continued growth and progression. The tumor cells
secrete factors that stimulate the growth of blood vessels into the tumor mass.
3. Invasion: The malignant tumor cells develop the capability to invade
surrounding tissues. They secrete enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix
and basement membrane, allowing them to move through these barriers and invade
neighboring tissues and organs.
4. Detachment: During this stage, tumor cells detach from the primary tumor
site. This is facilitated by the loss of cell-to-cell adhesion molecules and the
degradation of the extracellular matrix by proteolytic enzymes.
5. Embolization: Detached tumor cells can then enter the lymphatic system or
bloodstream. This process is known as intravasation. They travel through these
vessels as emboli and can potentially form new tumors at distant sites, which is
the process of metastasis.
68662
Endodontics
Endodontic therapy (root canal treatment) is generally effective for conditions like a periapical (PA) abscess, horizontal root fractures (depending on location), and chronic abscesses, provided the tooth is restorable.
34047
Dental Materials
ANSI/ADA Specification No. 12 requires that the material should reach a doughlike consistency in less than 10 minutes from the start of the mixing process.
47828
General PathologyFibrin degradation products increase in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) due to the breakdown of fibrin clots.