63841

Gastric emptying is regulated by a combination of vagal reflexes, intestinal hormones such as secretin and cholecystokinin, and local neural reflexes known as the enterogastric reflex. These mechanisms work in concert to modulate the rate of emptying based on the needs of the body.

90730

Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that affects plasma cells in the bone marrow. The standard treatment typically involves a combination of therapies, as it is a systemic disease not treatable with localized surgery alone. Chemotherapy, often combined with radiotherapy (especially for localized bone lesions), is the treatment of choice.

12800

The occlusal plane for the complete denture patient is determined by the height of the retromolar pad and anterior aesthetic height.

10141

ETEC are the principal cause of traveler’s diarrhe1) They produce both a heat-labile toxin (LT) and a heat-stable toxin (ST) that act on the intestinal mucos1) The LT is similar to cholera toxin and increases intracellular cGMP levels, leading to enhanced fluid and electrolyte secretion into the lumen and thus diarrhe1) The ST acts by a different mechanism but also enhances fluid and electrolyte secretion.

74914

Hypochlorite is generally not used as a disinfectant for skin preparation due to its high irritation potential to living tissue. Alcohol and hexidine (chlorhexidine) are commonly used for this purpose. Cyclopropane is an anesthetic gas and not a disinfectant.

28511

68310

Diuretics increase sodium loss in urine and increase lithium retention. Hence they should not be used in patients on Lithium.

65099

The distal shoe appliance is an intra-alveolar appliance because it involves a metallic extension that is inserted into the alveolar bone mesial to the unerupted permanent first molar to guide its eruption.

86177

Tissue conditioners help abused soft tissues return to normal architecture by all of the mentioned mechanisms: distributing biting forces more evenly (reducing localized pressure), ensuring intimate contact with tissues (improving support), and providing a massaging effect during function. These combined actions promote tissue healing and remodeling.

58772

Osteoradionecrosis results from radiation, trauma, and infection.