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NEET MDS Shorts

78698
Periodontics

Subgingival scaling is performed below the gum line, where direct visualization is limited or impossible.

Clinicians rely on the feel of the instrument against the tooth/root surface to detect calculus, plaque, or irregularities.

Visual inspection with a mirror is useful for supragingival areas but not effective subgingivally.

Radiographs can show bone levels and some calculus deposits but are not sufficient for precise scaling.

54600
Public Health Dentistry

For optimal fluoride uptake and protection against dental caries, tooth surfaces should be exposed to topical fluorides for at least 4 minutes.

10327
Radiology

Zonography is a type of panoramography.

43389
Orthodontics

SOLUTION

Mechanical approaches for aligning unerupted teeth. Orthodontic traction to pull an unerupted tooth toward the line of the arch should begin as soon as possible after surgery 
Ideally a fixed orthodontic appliance should already be in place before the unerupted tooth is exposed, so that orthodontic force can be applied immediately. 
If this is not practical, active orthodontic movement should being no later than 2 or 3 weeks post-surgically.

51353
NEETMDS

The RAS gene produces a protein (Ras) that acts as a molecular switch in cell signaling pathways, typically promoting cell growth and proliferation when bound to GTP (guanosine triphosphate). To turn this signal off, the Ras protein must hydrolyze its bound GTP to GDP (guanosine diphosphate). This hydrolysis is significantly accelerated by GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), which inhibit the active state of the Ras protein by promoting its deactivation.

50825
Prosthodontics

Guiding planes are flat, polished surfaces on the abutment teeth that guide the RPD into place. They are crucial for the predictable placement of retentive elements such as clasps and for ensuring that the forces are transmitted along the long axis of the teeth, minimizing horizontal movements. Additionally, they help in the overall stability and function of the denture.

91864
Orthodontics

moderate force, in the range of 50 to 150 grams

38607
Radiology

Green film after processing is due to the film emulsion not being in contact with the processing solution.

86174
Periodontics

After deep scaling and root planing, the gingival tissues need time to recover from inflammation and allow reattachment of the junctional epithelium.

Initial healing (reduction in swelling and bleeding) can be seen within a week, but complete tissue repair and maturation of the junctional epithelium typically takes 2–4 weeks.

3 months is more relevant for long-term periodontal stability and bone remodeling, not soft tissue healing.

77574
General Medicine

In a patient with sickle cell anemia and symptoms of biliary colic, the most likely diagnosis is cholelithiasis due to the increased incidence of gallstone formation in this population. Initial management should focus on hydration and pain relief with analgesics, as surgery is typically reserved for cases of cholecystitis or pancreatitis.

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