NEET MDS Shorts
64342
General Medicine
Gastrinomas in Zollinger Ellison syndrome are most commonly found in the pancreas, particularly in the head of the pancreas. The term "gastrinoma triangle" refers to the area between the duodenum and pancreas where these tumors are frequently located.
92501
Oral SurgeryIncrease the rate of liver metabolism of local anesthetic: Alpha adrenergic agonists, such as epinephrine, are often added to local anesthetics to enhance their effectiveness. They achieve this by causing vasoconstriction at the injection site, which reduces bleeding and increases the duration of anesthesia. However, they do not directly increase the concentration of LA at the receptor site or alter liver metabolism. Therefore, the correct answer is 2) Increase the concentration of LA at receptor site.
50753
PhysiologyGhrelin is a hormone produced mainly by the stomach that stimulates appetite and food intake. It acts on the hypothalamus to increase hunger and is often referred to as the "hunger hormone." It also stimulates growth hormone secretion from the pituitary gland.
32776
Oral Medicine
While lung cancer itself is not a direct risk factor for venous thrombosis, it can be associated with hypercoagulable states due to the presence of tumor cells or paraneoplastic syndromes. The other options (orthopedic surgery, estrogen use for contraception, and a family history of DVT) are all recognized conditions that increase the risk of developing venous thrombosis.
51152
Oral PathologyHemophilia A is primarily due to deficiency of Factor VIII, and Hemophilia B is due to Factor IX deficiency. These are inherited X-linked genetic disorders caused by mutations in the F8 or F9 genes respectively. Classical hemophilia is not due to autoimmune mechanisms, though acquired hemophilia (rare) can involve autoantibodies against Factor VIII. Prothrombin deficiency and Vitamin K deficiency cause different coagulation disorders.
88787
Conservative Dentistry
Surface defects in porcelain act as stress concentrators, which can lead to crack initiation and propagation when the restoration is under load.
14414
Oral SurgeryFor mandibular tooth extraction, the occlusal plane should be parallel to the floor when the mouth is wide open. This positioning provides optimal access, proper force direction, and ergonomic advantage for the operator during mandibular extractions.
45788
General Medicine
Hypercalcemia is a common metabolic complication in cancer patients, particularly those with solid tumors such as breast cancer, lung cancer, and multiple myeloma. The most common cause is the secretion of a parathyroid hormone-like protein called PTHrP by the tumor cells.
79653
Oral SurgeryCraniectomy is a surgical procedure that may be performed to treat fibrous dysplasia of the bone, particularly when the condition affects the skull and causes complications such as increased intracranial pressure, vision impairment, or cosmetic deformity.
32016
Physiology
Answer: 3) The equilibrium potential for sodium (Na+) ions in a typical neuron is +60 mV.