NEET MDS Shorts
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PhysiologyThe epithelial cells of the villi in the small intestine are responsible for the final stage of digestion and nutrient absorption, playing a crucial role in the digestive process.
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Pharmacology
Pyridoxine – drug interactions : INH – induces a pyridoxine deficiency state
Levodopa – pyridoxine promotes peripheral conversion of levodopa to dopamine – thus it decreases therapeutic action of levodopa in the brain
Oral contraceptive pills – decrease pyridoxine levels in some females
Hydralazine – impairment of pyridoxine utilisation
4-deoxy pyridoxine – pyridoxine antagonist
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Oral PathologyHypercalcemia is commonly seen in hyperparathyroidism.
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General PathologyProgenitor hematopoietic stem cells originate in the bone marrow, where they differentiate into various blood cell lineages.
39127
Oral SurgeryPatients with end-stage renal disease are at increased risk during tooth extraction due to several factors. They often have an increased tendency to bleed due to platelet dysfunction and are susceptible to infections due to compromised immunity. Additionally, they are often on steroid therapy, which can affect wound healing and increase the risk of infection.
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Dental Materials
The specification controls the qualities of dental amalgam by listing requirements for creep, compressive strength, and dimensional change.
19879
Physiology
The primary visual area is Brodmann area 17, which is located in the occipital lobe's medial side of the calcarine sulcus. It is also commonly referred to as the striate cortex due to the distinctive myelinated strip, the stria of Gennari.
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NEETMDS
Corticosteroids are generally considered pregnancy category C drugs, meaning animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans. Amoxicillin and erythromycin are typically category B, and lignocaine (lidocaine) is also category B.
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NEETMDSThe maximum recommended dose of lidocaine (lignocaine) without a vasoconstrictor like adrenaline is generally considered to be 4.4 mg/kg of body weight. This dosage helps reduce the risk of local anesthetic systemic toxicity.
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Oral Medicine
Phenytoin, cyclosporine, and nifedipine are well-known medications that can
cause gingival enlargement (gingival hyperplasia or gingival changes) as a side
effect.
Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant used to treat epilepsy.
Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant used to prevent organ rejection in
transplant patients and to treat autoimmune diseases.
Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure and
angina.