NEET MDS Shorts
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NEETMDS
Supracrestal fibrotomy (also known as circumferential supracrestal fibrotomy or CSF) is a surgical procedure performed to sever the supracrestal fibers around a tooth, which helps prevent relapse of corrected rotations, especially in the maxillary canine region, as these fibers are primarily responsible for the rotational memory of the tooth and subsequent relapse.
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PhysiologyDeoxycholic acid is a secondary bile acid formed by bacterial conversion of cholic acid in the colon.
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Oral SurgeryExplanation: A comminuted fracture is characterized by the bone being broken into multiple fragments. This type of fracture is often the result of high-impact trauma and can complicate treatment due to the complexity of the fracture pattern.
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Oral SurgeryThe middle superior alveolar nerve (MSA) is one of the branches of the maxillary nerve that innervates the buccal gingival of the maxillary teeth, including the second premolar. The anterior palatine nerve innervates the palatal aspect, while the buccal nerve innervates the buccal mucosa and the anterior part of the palate.
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ProsthodonticsUnder occlusal loading, the fulcrum line of a Kennedy Class I RPD runs through the most posterior occlusal rests. These rests act as the fulcrum points around which the denture base tends to rotate under load. The denture base moves away from the tissues in a seesaw motion around this fulcrum line.
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BiochemistryAcetylcholinesterase receptor opens an ion channel, undergoes irreversible conformational changes when exposed to carbamates , it is inactivated in myasthenia gravis
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Oral SurgeryHyaluronidase is an enzyme that breaks down hyaluronic acid, a component found in the extracellular matrix. When added to a local anesthetic, it increases the permeability of tissues, facilitating enhanced diffusion of the anesthetic agent into the surrounding areas. This can broaden the spread of the anesthetic, allowing for a more effective and comprehensive blockade of nerve signaling.
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Oral Medicine
PTHrP is a protein that is structurally similar to parathyroid hormone (PTH) but is produced by some tumor cells. It acts on the PTH receptor, leading to increased calcium levels in the blood, similar to PTH. HHM is most often associated with overproduction of PTHrP by tumors, causing hypercalcemia without the typical elevation in PTH levels seen in primary hyperparathyroidism.
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Physiology
The stomach protects itself from the harsh acidic environment and its own digestive enzymes through the secretion of a thick layer of mucus by mucosal cells. This mucus barrier forms a physical and chemical barrier that shields the underlying tissue from the acid and pepsin. Additionally, the stomach lining has a high turnover rate and is continuously regenerated, and the enzymes in the gastric juice are inactive until they come into contact with food.
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Oral Surgery
The treatment of choice for TMJ ankylosis is condylectomy. This is a surgical procedure where the ankylotic tissue is removed from the temporomandibular joint, allowing for the restoration of normal joint movement.
Exercise and warm packs may be used as adjunctive treatments to help manage the symptoms of TMJ ankylosis and maintain joint mobility, but they are not the primary treatment for the condition itself. Steroid therapy and sclerosing solutions might be used in some cases, but condylectomy is the definitive surgical procedure to address the ankylosis directly by removing the bony or fibrous tissue that is obstructing the joint..