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NEET MDS Shorts

88633
Microbiology

There are some enzymes that cause protein to coagulate rather than to produce simpler compund These are known as lab enzymes

1. Coagulase:

  • Definition: Coagulase is an enzyme produced by certain bacteria, most notably Staphylococcus aureus. It catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen (a soluble plasma protein) into fibrin (an insoluble protein), leading to the clotting of blood.
  • Function: The production of coagulase is a virulence factor for Staphylococcus aureus, as it helps the bacteria evade the host's immune system by forming a protective clot around the bacterial cells. This clot can shield the bacteria from phagocytosis and other immune responses.
  • Clinical Relevance: Coagulase is used in laboratory tests to differentiate between pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus (coagulase-positive) and non-pathogenic staphylococci (coagulase-negative).

2. Proteolytic Enzymes:

  • Definition: Proteolytic enzymes, also known as proteases or peptidases, are enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids by cleaving the peptide bonds between amino acids.
  • Function: These enzymes play crucial roles in various biological processes, including digestion, protein turnover, cell signaling, and immune responses. They are found in many organisms, including humans, where they are involved in the digestion of dietary proteins in the stomach and small intestine.
  • Types: Proteolytic enzymes can be classified based on their mechanism of action (e.g., serine proteases, cysteine proteases, aspartic proteases, and metalloproteases) and their substrate specificity.

Wenmycin is an antibiotic that is derived from the bacterium Streptomyces wenyangensis. It belongs to the class of compounds known as macrolide antibiotics, which are characterized by their large lactone ring structure. Wenmycin has been studied for its antimicrobial properties, particularly against certain types of bacteria.

63982
Oral Pathology

Aminocaproic acid (epsilon-aminocaproic acid) is an antifibrinolytic agent that inhibits plasminogen activation and fibrin degradation, thereby stabilizing blood clots. It is particularly valuable in hemophilic patients as it helps prevent clot breakdown and reduces bleeding risk. Vitamin K helps with vitamin K-dependent clotting factors but not Factor VIII deficiency. Monsels solution is a local hemostatic agent. Factor VIII cryoprecipitate treats the underlying deficiency but the question asks about postoperative care agents.

56556
Dental Materials

ZnO is a filler in Gutta Percha, and it improves the strength and flexibility of the material.

54274
Oral Surgery

Nerve membrane stabilization action of local anaesthetic agents is due to preventing conductance of Na ions from the exterior of the nerve to the interior.

94514
INI CET

The half-life of Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) in circulation is very short, approximately 2 to 3 minutes.

94051
Conservative Dentistry

Explanation: The outline form of a Class V cavity preparation is primarily determined by the extent of carious tissue. The goal is to remove all carious dentin while preserving as much healthy tooth structure as possible. The outline form must encompass the entire area affected by caries to ensure that the restoration is effective and durable. Other factors, such as the height of the gingival crest, type of restorative material, and tooth anatomy, may influence the preparation but are secondary to the extent of caries.

40746
Prosthodontics

Only pure hinge movements of the mandible occur at terminal hinge position.

66363
INI CET

Break point chlorination is the point where added chlorine satisfies the chlorine demand, after which free residual chlorine appears.

89084
Prosthodontics

Fovea palatine are situated in the soft palate.

19178
Prosthodontics

A patient wants a new set of CD. The present set which he is wearing now is loose. Examination revealed papillary hyperplasia of the palate. The first thing you would like to do is use tissue conditioners on the maxillary denture for the abused tissue.

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