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NEET MDS Synopsis - Lecture Notes
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📖 Anatomy

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The Cheeks
Anatomy

The Cheeks

  • The cheeks (L. buccae) form the lateral wall of the vestibule of the oral cavity.
  • They have essentially the same structure as the lips with which they are continuous.
  • The principal muscular component of the cheeks is the buccinator muscle.
  • Superficial to the fascia covering this muscle is the buccal fatpad that gives cheeks their rounded contour, especially in infants.
  • The lips and cheeks act as a functional unit (e.g. during sucking, blowing, eating, etc.).
  • They act as an oral sphincter in pushing food from the vestibule to the oral cavity proper.
  • The tongue and buccinator muscle keep the food between the molar teeth during chewing.

Sensory Nerves of the Cheeks

  • These are branches of the maxillary and mandibular nerves.
  • They supply the skin of the cheeks and the mucous membrane lining the cheeks.
Mylohyoid Muscle
Anatomy

Mylohyoid Muscle

  • Origin: Mylohyoid line of the mandible.
  • Insertion: Median raphe and body of the hyoid bone.
  • Nerve Supply: Nerve to mylohyoid (branch of the trigeminal nerve, CN V3).
  • Arterial Supply: Sublingual branch of the lingual artery and submental branch of the facial artery.
  • Action: Elevates the hyoid bone, base of the tongue, and floor of the mouth; depresses the mandible.
Superior Constrictor Muscle
Anatomy

Superior Constrictor Muscle

  • Origin: Hamulus, pterygo-mandibular raphe, and mylohyoid line of the mandible.
  • Insertion: Median raphe of the pharynx.
  • Nerve Supply: Vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus.
  • Arterial Supply: Ascending pharyngeal artery, ascending palatine artery, tonsillar branch of the facial artery, and dorsal branch of the lingual artery.
  • Action: Constricts the wall of the pharynx during swallowing.
The Oral Cavity
Anatomy

The Oral Cavity

  • The oral cavity (mouth) consists of two parts: the vestibule and the mouth proper.
  • The vestibule is the slit-like spaced between the cheeks and the lips and the teeth and gingivae.
  • It is the entrance of the digestive tract and is also used for breathing.
  • The vestibule communicates with the exterior through the orifice of the mouth.
  • The oral cavity is bounded:
  • Externally: by the cheeks and lips.
  • Roof of oral cavity: formed by the palate.
  • Posteriorly: the oral cavity communicates with the oropharynx.