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NEET MDS Shorts

63241
Dental Materials

 Etching of tooth surface with 37% phosphoric acid creates microporosities in the enamel and dentin. This is the main method of adhesion of composite resin to tooth surface.
 After etching the surface energy of the enamel will increase. This will make it very sticky to any kind of contaminants. If salivary contamination will occur, the salivary proteins will precipitate in the microporosities. This will prevent the adequate penetration of the bonding agent, therby reducing the micotag formation. Hence, complete isolation is essential.

43095
Physiology

The middle piece of the sperm cell is where the fibrous sheath is surrounded by spirally arranged mitochondria, which are the cell's powerhouses. They provide the energy required for the flagellum's movement during sperm motility.

33460
Periodontics

The most prominent immunoglobulin in sulcular fluid is IgG.

Sulcular fluid is the fluid found in the space between the tooth and the surrounding gingival tissue. It contains various immunoglobulins that contribute to the local immune defense against oral pathogens. While IgA is the most common immunoglobulin found in saliva, which is closely related to the oral cavity, the most prominent immunoglobulin in sulcular fluid is actually IgG. IgG is the most abundant antibody in the blood and can be found in various bodily fluids, including sulcular fluid, where it provides protection against infections and inflammation. IgE is associated with allergic reactions, IgM with early immune responses, and IgA with mucosal surfaces

53761
INI CET

Migrant studies compare genetically similar groups living in different environments to evaluate the impact of environmental factors on health outcomes.

36803
Radiology

Mottling is seen due to scattered radiation.

99005
Oral Pathology

Muscular overextension and overcontraction is the primary causative factor for MPDS. This occurs due to parafunctional habits (bruxism, clenching), stress, malocclusion, or postural problems leading to muscle fatigue, spasm, and pain. The cycle of muscle tension, pain, and further spasm perpetuates the condition. Infratemporal space infection, auriculotemporal neuritis, and otitis media are not primary causes of MPDS.

90846
Endodontics

Carbamide peroxide used in bleaching degrades into 3% hydrogen peroxide and 7% urea. The breakdown process: 1) 10% carbamide peroxide releases approximately 3% hydrogen peroxide, 2) The hydrogen peroxide is the active bleaching agent that breaks down chromophores, 3) Urea provides pH buffering and reduces sensitivity, 4) The slow release over 6-8 hours provides sustained bleaching action. This makes carbamide peroxide ideal for home bleaching as it provides controlled, sustained hydrogen peroxide release.

27133
Pharmacology

Chlorthalidone (Thiazide like diuretic)

 

14991
INI CET

Oropharyngeal candidiasis (thrush) is a common local side effect of inhaled corticosteroids like budesonide due to deposition of the medication in the mouth and throat. Proper inhaler technique and rinsing the mouth after use can help minimize this risk.

Skeletal tremor is more commonly associated with beta-agonists. 

Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection, and 

anaphylaxis is a rare allergic reaction; neither is a commonly anticipated side effect of standard inhaled budesonide use.

38102
Oral Medicine

In muscular dystrophy, there is ongoing muscle fiber destruction and regeneration, which leads to the release of muscle enzymes into the bloodstream. CK-3 is the muscle-specific isoenzyme that is most commonly elevated in muscular dystrophies, indicating damage to skeletal muscles.

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