NEET MDS Shorts
51433
Oral PathologyChanging kVp from 70 to 80 increases the energy of photons produced significantly.
51678
Oral SurgeryA pathological fracture occurs when a bone breaks in an area weakened by disease, such as cancer, osteoporosis, or infection. Unlike traumatic fractures, which result from an external force, pathological fractures occur due to underlying conditions that compromise the structural integrity of the bone.
64209
Oral SurgeryAccording to gate control theory of pain, large fiber impulses tend to inhibit the effect of painful stimuli transmitted by small fibers.
57919
BiochemistryThe formation of oxyhemoglobin is influenced by 1. pH 2. CO2 concentration 3. Temperature
72098
PeriodonticsThe mental nerve is situated beneath the mandibular arch and is at risk during flap procedures, especially when flaps are elevated or repositioned in that area.
95542
Oral Medicine
Nystatin and clotrimazole target ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane, leading to increased permeability and death of the fungal cells. This mechanism is specific to fungal cells and does not harm human cells, which lack ergosterol in their membranes.
80618
INI CET
Lactic acid, Glucagon, and Epinephrine (generally) tend to increase extracellular potassium. Atropine, a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, is associated with a decrease in extracellular K+ levels. The exact effect of these substances can be influenced by dose and physiological state.
96876
PhysiologySecretin increases the secretion of bicarbonate by duct cells primarily by increasing intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels.
69400
Pharmacology
Gingivitis is a form of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is when inflammation and infection destroy the tissues that support the teeth, including the gingiva (gums), the periodontal ligaments, and the tooth sockets (alveolar bone Malocclusion of teeth (misaligned teeth), rough edges of fillings, and ill fitting or unclean mouth appliances (such as orthodontic appliances, dentures, bridges, and crowns) can irritate the gums and increase the risk of gingivitis. Medications such as phenytoin and birth control pills, and ingestion of heavy metals such as lead and bismuth are also associated with gingivitis.
74483
INI CET
Sodium Valproate is highly effective for generalized seizures, including absence seizures, as it increases GABA levels and limits repetitive neuronal firing.