MDS PREP
Drug of choice in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
1) Diprofloxacin
2) Catrimoxazole
3) Zidovudine
4) Pentamidine
General Medicine
Answer: 2
The drug of choice in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is Catrimoxazole
What is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children?
1) Minimal change disease
2) Membranous nephropathy
3) Focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS)
4) Diabetic nephropathy
Minimal change disease is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children. It is characterized by almost normal glomerular histology on light microscopy, with the lesion confined to the podocyte foot processes.
When prescribing for a patient of renal failure, the elimination of drug from the kidney in the case of renal impairment all the following are correct except
1) Creatinine clearance is taken as guide
2) The normal main dose is given if the drug is being metabolized
3) The time to reach to steady state plasma concentration is the same as in patients with normal renal function
4) None of the above
General Medicine
Answer: 3
In renal impairment, the time to reach steady-state plasma concentration generally differs from that in patients with normal renal function due to altered clearance; hence, statement 3 is incorrect.
In emphysema, the dilatation occurs
1) Beyond major bronchus
2) In alveolar region
3) Beyond terminal bronchioles
4) Beyond minor bronchus
General Medicine
Answer: 3
In emphysema, the dilatation occurs beyond terminal bronchioles
Commonest type of lung carcinoma in non-smokers
1) Squamous cell carcinoma
2) Adenocarcinoma
3) Alveolar cell carcinoma
4) Small cell carcinoma
General Medicine
Answer: 2
Adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent lung carcinoma type among non-smokers, often linked to genetic mutations and environmental factors rather than smoking.
Which of the following is NOT a component of the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade?
1) Factor XII
2) Factor XI
3) Tissue factor
4) Factor X
Tissue factor is actually a component of the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade. The intrinsic pathway involves factors XII, XI, prekallikrein, high molecular weight kininogen, and factors VIII, IX, and X.
Crackling crepitations unaltered by coughing is characteristic of
1) Pulmonary tuberculosis
2) Interstitial lung disease
3) Klebsiella pneumonia
4) Lung abscess
General Medicine
Answer: 2
Crackling crepitations unaltered by coughing is characteristic of interstitial lung disease
Congenital rubella syndrome may cause all the following except
1) Patent ductus arteriosus
2) Spontaneous abortion
3) Sensory nerve deafness
4) None of the above
General Medicine
Answer: 4
Congenital rubella syndrome can lead to various complications, including patent ductus arteriosus, sensory nerve deafness, and spontaneous abortion. However, the statement "None of the above" is incorrect as all listed conditions can occur due to the syndrome.