MDS PREP
Dry heat sterilization of paper points without incineration is accomplished at
1. 160°C for 2hours
2. 120°C for l hour
3. 100°C for 2 hours
4. 200°C for 1 hour
Microbiology
Answer: 1
Dry heat sterilization of paper points without incineration is accomplished at 160°C for 2hours
Which of the following is a method for indirect diagnosis of tuberculosis?
1) Culture methods
2) Smear examination
3) Polymerase chain reaction
4) Latex agglutination
General Microbiology Answer: 4The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a molecular technique used to amplify DNA sequences. In the context of tuberculosis, PCR can be used to detect the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in clinical samples, making it a valuable tool for indirect diagnosis.
What type of differentiation is associated with a diphtheria bacilli that ferments glycogen and starch?
1) Gravis
2) Intermedius
3) Mitis
4) Avirulent
Diphtheria bacilli that ferment glycogen and starch are classified as Mitis.
What is the typical biochemical profile of E. coli on the IMViC test series?
1) Indole positive, Methyl red positive, Voges-Proskauer positive, Citrate positive
2) Indole positive, Methyl red positive, Voges-Proskauer negative, Citrate positive
3) Indole positive, Methyl red negative, Voges-Proskauer positive, Citrate negative
4) Indole positive, Methyl red negative, Voges-Proskauer negative, Citrate positive
General Microbiology Answer: 3
The IMViC test series is used to differentiate members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, including E. coli. E. coli typically has an indole positive (indole is produced when tryptophan is metabolized), methyl red positive (indicating the ability to ferment glucose and produce acid), Voges-Proskauer positive (produces acetoin from glucose), and citrate negative (does not utilize citrate as a sole carbon source) biochemical profile. This profile helps distinguish it from other related bacteria like Proteus and Klebsiella species.
Which of the following is a feature of HLA class I antigens?
1) Found on red blood cells
2) Involved in humoral immunity
3) Present on all nucleated cells
4) Only present in lymphocytes
HLA class I antigens are present on all nucleated cells, playing a crucial role in the immune response.
In concentrations usually applied for sterilization purposes, ethylene oxide is preferable to formaldehyde becuase it is
1. more readily polymerized to an active form
2. less toxic
3. less likely to form an explosive mixture with air
4. more penetrating
Microbiology
Answer: 4
In concentrations usually applied for sterilization purposes, ethylene oxide is preferable to formaldehyde becuase it is more penetrating
What is a characteristic feature of Streptococcus viridans?
1) Capsulated, oval-shaped cells
2) Non-capsulated, round to oval cells in chains
3) Positive oxidase reaction
4) Negative oxidase reaction
Streptococcus viridans is characterized by non-capsulated, round to oval cells in chains and has a negative oxidase reaction.
Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of orthomyxoviruses?
1) Single linear RNA
2) 80-120 nm in size
3) Hemolysin present
4) Cytoplasmic replication
General Microbiology Answer: 2Orthomyxoviruses, which include the influenza viruses, are characterized by their single-stranded RNA genome. This feature distinguishes them from other virus families that may have different types of genetic material. Orthomyxoviruses are distinguished by their single linear RNA genome, which is essential for their replication and pathogenicity.