MDS PREP
There are some enzymes that cause protein to coagulate rather than to produce simpler compund These are known as
1. lab enzymes
2. coagulase
3. proteolytic enzymes
4. wenmycin
Microbiology
Answer: 1
There are some enzymes that cause protein to coagulate rather than to produce simpler compund These are known as lab enzymes
1. Coagulase:
Definition: Coagulase is an enzyme produced by certain
bacteria, most notably Staphylococcus aureus. It catalyzes the
conversion of fibrinogen (a soluble plasma protein) into fibrin (an
insoluble protein), leading to the clotting of blood.
Function: The production of coagulase is a virulence
factor for Staphylococcus aureus, as it helps the bacteria evade
the host's immune system by forming a protective clot around the bacterial
cells. This clot can shield the bacteria from phagocytosis and other immune
responses.
Clinical Relevance: Coagulase is used in laboratory
tests to differentiate between pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus (coagulase-positive)
and non-pathogenic staphylococci (coagulase-negative).
2. Proteolytic Enzymes:
Definition: Proteolytic enzymes, also known as
proteases or peptidases, are enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of proteins
into smaller peptides or amino acids by cleaving the peptide bonds between
amino acids.
Function: These enzymes play crucial roles in various
biological processes, including digestion, protein turnover, cell signaling,
and immune responses. They are found in many organisms, including humans,
where they are involved in the digestion of dietary proteins in the stomach
and small intestine.
Types: Proteolytic enzymes can be classified based on
their mechanism of action (e.g., serine proteases, cysteine proteases,
aspartic proteases, and metalloproteases) and their substrate specificity.
Wenmycin is an antibiotic that is derived from the
bacterium Streptomyces wenyangensis. It belongs to the class of
compounds known as macrolide antibiotics, which are
characterized by their large lactone ring structure. Wenmycin has been studied
for its antimicrobial properties, particularly against certain types of
bacteria.
Strain hardening is quite important in the fabrication
1. facial surface amalgam
2. cast full crown
3. large occlusal surface gold foil
4. cast removable partial denture framework
Dental Material
Answer: 3
Sensitivity is usually expressed in
1) Units
2) Alphabets
3) Ascending order
4) Percentage
Community Dentistry
Answer: 4
Abutment teeth in bilateral distal extension RPD should have all of the following except
1) Retention buccally on one side and lingually on the other side
2) Buccal and lingual retention bilaterally
3) Guiding planes parallel
4) Non-interfering occlusal rests
Prosthodontics
Answer: 1
In a bilateral distal extension RPD, abutment teeth are crucial for the stability and support of the prosthesis. However, it is not ideal to have retention buccally on one side and lingually on the other side as this can lead to tipping and rotation of the denture during function, compromising its stability. Instead, both buccal and lingual retention is preferred for a more balanced and predictable outcome.
Prevalence of the disease affects
1) Sensitivity
2) Specificity
3) Predictive value
4) Repeatability
Community Dentistry
Answer: 3
Lack of response of any level in a pulp vitality test can be used to differentiated between a
1) Cementoma and a periapical granuloma
2) Cementoma and an incisive canal cyst
3) Globulomaxillary cyst and a traumatic bone cyst
4) None of the above
Oral Pathology
Answer: 1
In antiphospholipid antibody syndrome all the following are seen except
1 Recurrent fetal loss
2 Neurological sumptoms
3 Thrombocytosis
4 Prolonged APTT
Medicine
Answer: 3
Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is characterized by recurrent thrombosis, recurrent fetal loss, and neurological symptoms. Thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) is often seen, while thrombocytosis (high platelet count) is not a typical feature of this syndrome.
In which organism is echinococcosis most commonly found?
(1) Liver
(2) Lungs
(3) Brain
(4) Heart
Echinococcosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus. The most common site for these larvae to form cysts is the liver.