MDS PREP
Glycine is a:
1. Glycogenic amino acid, only
2. Ketogenic only
3. Glucogenic and ketogenic
4. Since It Is optically inactive therefore none of the above
Biochemistry
Answer: 1
Glycine is a Glycogenic amino acid, only
Anemia is frequently associated with a deficiency of
1. vitamins A and D.
2. vitamins C and D.
3. vitamins E and K.
4. vitamin B12 and folic acid.
Biochemistry
Answer: 4
Anemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood
cells or a reduction in their oxygen-carrying capacity. Vitamin B12 and folic
acid are essential for the production of red blood cells. Deficiencies in these
vitamins can lead to megaloblastic anemia, where the bone marrow produces
abnormally large and immature red blood cells.
An enzyme increases the rate of a biochemical reaction by
1. decreasing substrate concentration.
2. decreasing activation energy.
3. increasing Km.
4. increasing Keq.
Biochemistry
Answer: 2
Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rate of chemical reactions
by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.
The concentration of ketones is increased in body due to:
1. Starvation
2. High fat diet
3. Diabetes mellitus
4. All of the above
Biochemistry
Answer: 4
The concentration of ketones is increased in body due to:
1. Starvation
2. High fat diet
3. Diabetes mellitus
Symptoms from a riboflavin deficiency can be:
1. Cracks in the corner of the mouth (angular stomatitis)
2. Inflammation of the tongue (glossitis)
3. Eye and skin changes
4. All of the above
Biochemistry
Answer: 4
The eye change include an increase in blood vessels and inflammation of the conjunctivae, cornea is invaded by capillaries, producing opaque areas and even ulceration. Dermatitis characterized by a greasy and scaly reddened lesion develops on the skin around the nasolabial folds and may extend to a butterfly shape on the cheeks. There many also be lesions at the corners (canthi) of the eyes and lobes of the mouth.
Gout is a disease of purine overproduction. In this disease, joints develop crystals of
1. urea.
2. sodium urate.
3. guanine.
4. hypoxanthine.
Biochemistry
Answer: 2
Gout is a form of arthritis caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals,
specifically sodium urate crystals, in the joints. The body produces uric acid
as a waste product during the metabolism of purines, which are substances found
in certain foods and also synthesized by the body. High levels of uric acid can
lead to the formation of these crystals, which cause inflammation and pain in
the affected joints. Urea (Answer 1) is a waste product formed from the
metabolism of proteins and amino acids, while guanine (Answer 3) and
hypoxanthine (Answer 4) are purine bases involved in nucleotide metabolism, but
they do not directly form the crystals seen in gout.
Which of the following is a common dietary saturated fatty acid?
1. Oleic acid
2. Stearic acid
3. Linolenic acid
4. Arachidonic acid
Biochemistry
Answer: 4
Saturated fatty acids are a type of fat that has a chemical structure with a
single bond between each carbon atom in the fatty acid chain and no double
bonds. These types of fats are typically solid at room temperature. Out of the
given options, stearic acid (C18:0) is the only saturated fatty acid. The others
are:
1. Oleic acid (C18:1) is a monounsaturated fatty acid, which means it has one
double bond. It is commonly found in olive oil, canola oil, and avocados.
2. Linolenic acid (C18:3) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid, specifically an
omega-3 fatty acid, with three double bonds. It is found in plant sources like
flaxseeds, chia seeds, and walnuts.
3. Arachidonic acid (C20:4) is also a polyunsaturated fatty acid, an omega-6
fatty acid with four double bonds. It is found in animal fats, such as meat, and
in smaller amounts in some plant oils like sunflower oil and peanut oil.
Stearic acid, on the other hand, is a common saturated fatty acid found in
various animal fats and certain vegetable oils like coconut oil, palm kernel
oil, and cocoa butter. It is known for its role in the structure of cell
membranes and as a precursor for the biosynthesis of cholesterol in the body.
While it is important to consume fatty acids for good health, excessive
consumption of saturated fatty acids has been associated with higher levels of
LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, which is often referred to as "bad"
cholesterol, and an increased risk of heart disease. However, it is important to
maintain a balanced diet that includes both saturated and unsaturated fatty
acids in moderation.
An important rate limiting step of Kreb's cycle is catalysed by
1. pyruvate dehydrogenase
2. isocitrate dehydrogenase
3. succinate dehydrogenase
4. citrate synthetase
Biochemistry Answer: 2
Rate limiting step of Kreb's cycle is catalysed by isocitrate dehydrogenase