MDS PREP
Which of the following genetic conditions is MOST likely to be the cause of a child born with a small head, small eyes, six fingers on each hand, and congenital heart defects?
1) Trisomy 13
2) Trisomy 18
3) Trisomy 21
4) XXY
Trisomy 13 is associated with congenital anomalies such as a small head, small eyes, and congenital heart defects.
The prothrombin levels that is of concern to dentist extraction is
1. 20 % normal PT
2. 40 % normal PT
3. 50 % normal PT
4. 100 % normal PT
A prothrombin level of 20% normal PT is of concern for dental extractions.
Oral manifestation of infectious mononucleosis is most commonly
1. Bluish red spots opposite maxillary molar
2. Pseudomembrane on gingival
3. Pinpoint petechiae on the palate
4. Gingival hyperplasia
Oral Pathology
Answer: 3
Pinpoint petechiae on the palate is the most common oral manifestation of infectious mononucleosis.
Which of the following has the potential of undergoing spontaneous malignant transformation
1. Osteomalacia
2. Albright"s syndrome
3. Paget"s disease of bone
4. Osteogenesis imperfecta
Oral Pathology
Answer: 3
Paget's disease of bone has the potential for spontaneous malignant transformation.
The following protein defects can cause hereditary spherocytosis except -
1) Ankyrin
2) Palladin
3) Glycophorin C
4) Anion transport protein
General Pathology
Answer: 3
Glycophorin C is not associated with hereditary spherocytosis; it is a sialoglycoprotein found in the red blood cell membrane, while ankyrin, palladin, and anion transport protein are involved in the structural integrity of the membrane.
Open ended lead-lined cones reduce
1. Intensity of scattered radiation
2. Intensity of primary radiation
3. Level of scattered radiation
4. All of the above
Oral Pathology
Answer: 3
Open-ended lead-lined cones reduce the intensity of scattered radiation.
The pigment associated with haemochromtosis is
1. Bilirubin
2. Haemosiderin
3. Methaemoglobin
4. Myoglobin
Oral Pathology
Answer: 2
The pigment associated with hemochromatosis is hemosiderin.
Immune surveillance is an effective host defence against tumours because:
1. Tumour cells are of different shapes and sizes
2. Tumour cells have lost growth control
3. Tumour cells have genetic alterations which result in expression of nonself proteins
4. Immune surveillance is a hypothetical concept
Pathology
Answer: 3
Tumour cells have genetic alterations which result in expression of nonself proteins: This is the most accurate statement regarding immune surveillance. Tumor cells often undergo genetic mutations that lead to the expression of abnormal proteins (neoantigens) that are not present in normal cells. These nonself proteins can be recognized by the immune system as foreign, triggering an immune response. This recognition is a key aspect of how immune surveillance functions effectively against tumors.