MDS PREP
What is the typical finding of eosinophils in amoebic dysentery?
1) Abundant
2) Few
3) Absent
4) Numerous
General Microbiology Answer: 3Amoebic dysentery is not typically associated with a significant eosinophilic response. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that is often involved in allergic reactions and parasitic infections, but their presence is usually minimal in the context of amoebic infections. The inflammatory response in amoebic dysentery is mainly composed of neutrophils and macrophages.
On a medium containing 6% agar, 5% Fildes peptic digest of sheep blood, and 20% human serum, which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of C1. Perfringens colonies?
1) They will be surrounded by a zone of opacity on the half without antitoxin due to the Nagler reaction
2) They are nonmotile
3) They are capsulated
4) They ferment lactose and produce bright pink colonies on MacConkey’s medium
General Microbiology Answer: 2
C1. Perfringens colonies are typically nonmotile and do not form capsules. They will be surrounded by a zone of opacity on the half without antitoxin due to the Nagler reaction (option 1) and will not ferment lactose to produce bright pink colonies on MacConkey’s medium
Which of the following is a feature of HLA class I antigens?
1) Found on red blood cells
2) Involved in humoral immunity
3) Present on all nucleated cells
4) Only present in lymphocytes
HLA class I antigens are present on all nucleated cells, playing a crucial role in the immune response.
What type of genome do Hepatitis B viruses have?
1) ssRNA
2) dsDNA
3) ssDNA
4) dsRNA
General Microbiology Answer: 2Hepatitis B viruses possess a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome, which is unique among the hepatitis viruses. This dsDNA is partially double-stranded and circular, playing a crucial role in the virus life cycle and replication.
The first person becoming sick in an epidemic is called -
1. Primary case
2. Source of infection
3. Reservoir of infection
4. Index case
Microbiology
Answer: 4
The first recognized case in an epidemic outbreak is termed as the index case. Although both the index case and primary case appear to be the same yet they differ slightly. The term primary case refers to the person who first brings a disease into a group of people.
What is the first X-linked immunodeficiency disease to have been recognized?
1) X-linked agammaglobulinemia
2) Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
3) X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)
4) Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
General Microbiology Answer: 1the first X-linked immunodeficiency disease to be recognized is X-linked agammaglobulinemia. It is a primary immunodeficiency disorder caused by a mutation in the X-chromosome-linked gene responsible for the production of antibodies (specifically, immunoglobulins), leading to a deficiency of B cells and impaired humoral immunity.
Which of the following statements is true about the colony morphology and cultural characteristics of Anthrax bacilli?
1) Anthrax bacilli are motile and produce a turbidity in broth.
2) The Medusa head appearance is seen in non-virulent strains of anthrax bacilli.
3) Virulent capsulated strains form smooth colonies.
4) The inverted fir tree appearance is characteristic of Anthracoid bacilli.
General Microbiology Answer: 2
The Medusa head appearance is characteristic of virulent strains of anthrax bacilli.
What is the characteristic appearance of Bacillus anthracis in gelatin stab culture?
1) Smooth liquefaction
2) Inverted fir tree appearance
3) No liquefaction
4) Uniform turbidity
The inverted fir tree appearance is characteristic of Bacillus anthracis in gelatin stab culture.