286+ quick-fire dental facts • tap a card to flip
This refers to Classical Conditioning, a learning process first described by Ivan Pavlov where a neutral stimulus (bell) is paired with an unconditioned stimulus (food) to create a conditioned response.
In the history of behavioral science, the "dog, bell, and food" experiment describes the process of learning through association. This phenomenon is known as:
1) Classical Conditioning
2) Operant Conditioning
3) Rabies Transmission Pathogenesis
4) Social Learning Theory
Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic collagen disorder that results in extreme bone fragility. Multiple fractures seen in utero on ultrasound are a hallmark of severe forms (Type II) of this condition.
Multiple fractures were detected in an antenatal ultrasound scan. What could be the diagnosis?
1) Achondroplasia
2) Osteogenesis imperfecta
3) Marfan syndrome
4) none
Cervical enamel projections (CEPs) are extensions of enamel towards the furcation. They are most frequently found on the buccal surface of mandibular first molars, followed by maxillary first molars.
Cervical enamel projection is most commonly seen with:
1) Maxillary first molarAnterior crossbite (tooth 21) in a 9-year-old should be treated immediately to prevent functional shifts, abnormal wear, and potential skeletal complications.
In a 9 year old boy, 21 is in crossbite. What treatment you should advocate?
1) Treat immediatelyLong-term bisphosphonate therapy can lead to avascular necrosis (specifically MRONJ - Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw), particularly in the jaw, due to reduced blood supply resulting from inhibited osteoclast activity.
What is a potential complication of bisphosphonate therapy?
1) Quickened recovery
2) Avascular necrosis
3) Heightened bone density
4) Increased pain during treatment
Awake fibreoptic intubation is preferred for skull base fractures to avoid accidental intracranial placement of the tube (a risk with blind nasal intubation) and to manage potential cervical spine injuries.
In case of fracture of skull base, which method is used for intubation?
1) Awake fibreoptic bronchoscope intubationPotassium bromide and benzotriazole act as restrainers in photographic developers. They help prevent the development of unexposed silver halide crystals, thereby reducing fog and improving the contrast and clarity of the image.
What is the role of Potassium bromide and benzotriazole in developer?
1) Initiator
2) Activator
3) Restrainer
4) Preservative
Steiner's analysis uses the Gonion-Gnathion (Go-Gn) plane to represent the mandibular plane in relation to the SN line.
Which cephalometric analysis method uses the Go-Gn plane?
1) Down's analysis
2) Steiner's analysis
3) Tweed's analysis
4) None of the above
The drug of choice for treating absence seizures is valproate. It is an anticonvulsant that stabilizes electrical activity in the brain and is effective for generalized seizures.
Which of the following is considered the drug of choice for the management of absence seizures?
1) Phenytoin
2) Carbamazepine
3) Valproate
4) Levetiracetam
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