MDS PREP
What is the primary function of transferrin in the body?
1) Transport of iron
2) Transport of copper
3) Binding and transport of thyroid hormones
4) Lipoprotein assembly
Transferrin is a glycoprotein synthesized by the liver that acts as the primary iron-transport protein in the blood. It binds to iron and transfers it to cells that require it, such as erythrocytes for hemoglobin synthesis.
What is the most common congenital cause of hypoprothrombinemia?
1) Afibrinogenemia
2) Vitamin K deficiency
3) Hemophilia A
4) Hemophilia B
Although the question mentions that hypoprothrombinemia is associated with vitamin K deficiency, the most common congenital cause of hypoprothrombinemia is actually deficiency of factor II, which is vitamin K-dependent. Vitamin K deficiency can lead to impaired synthesis of factors II, VII, IX, and X in the liver.
What is the earliest symptom of Parkinsonism?
1) Rigidity
2) Bradykinesia
3) Tremor
4) Postural instability
The earliest symptom of Parkinsonism is typically a resting tremor, which often begins in one hand, leg, or chin and progresses over time.
What is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children?
1) Minimal change disease
2) Membranous nephropathy
3) Focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS)
4) Diabetic nephropathy
Minimal change disease is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children. It is characterized by almost normal glomerular histology on light microscopy, with the lesion confined to the podocyte foot processes.
A 50-year-old male with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus presents with sudden onset of severe, painful, and reddened skin on the dorsum of his foot. His blood glucose is 350 mg/dL. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
1) Cellulitis
2) Diabetic neuropathic ulcer
3) Pyoderma gangrenosum
4) Erythema multiforme
The sudden onset of pain, redness, and swelling of the skin, particularly in a patient with poorly controlled diabetes, suggests a bacterial infection such as cellulitis.
Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia is an allergic reaction to
1) Drugs
2) House dust
3) Virus
4) Worms
General Medicine
Answer: 4
Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia is often linked to parasitic infections, especially related to filarial infections, where the immune response to the worms leads to eosinophilia.
Class II of HIV associated diseases describes
1) Acute infections
2) Asymptomatic infections
3) Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy
4) All of the above
General Medicine
Answer: 2
Class II of HIV associated diseases describes asymptomatic infections where patients are HIV positive but do not exhibit symptoms. Class I includes acute infections, and Class III involves symptomatic infections. Therefore, Class II is characterized by individuals being asymptomatic despite being infected with HIV.
What is the treatment of choice for growth hormone deficiency in children?
1) Thyroid hormone replacement
2) Growth hormone replacement therapy
3) Testosterone supplementation
4) Estrogen therapy
The treatment of choice for growth hormone deficiency in children is recombinant human growth hormone (HGH) replacement therapy. This therapy helps to stimulate growth and can help children with growth hormone deficiency reach a more normal height. The other options listed are treatments for different hormonal imbalances and are not typically used for growth hormone deficiency unless there is a coexisting condition requiring them.