MDS PREP
Which of the following is NOT a manifestation of CNS involvement in Wilson’s disease?
1) Dystonia
2) Incoordination
3) Sensory abnormalities
4) Chorea
The toxic injury in Wilson’s disease primarily affects the basal ganglia, leading to extrapyramidal symptoms such as dystonia, incoordination, tremor, dysphagia, dysarthria, memory loss, and seizures. However, sensory abnormalities and muscular weakness are not typical features of the disease.
What is the primary function of intrinsic factor in the absorption of vitamin B12?
1) Facilitating its release from food in the stomach
2) Enhancing intestinal absorption of free vitamin B12
3) Catalyzing the conversion of dietary vitamin B12 to its active form
4) Binding to vitamin B12 for its transport in the bloodstream
Intrinsic factor is a glycoprotein produced by parietal cells in the stomach. It binds to vitamin B12 in the stomach and facilitates its absorption in the ileum.
CPR should have a ratio of chest compression to mouth breathing of
1) 1:4
2) 4:1
3) 2:3
4) 3:2
General Medicine
Answer: 2
CPR should have a ratio of chest compression to mouth breathing of 4:1
What is the primary function of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) in the nephrotic syndrome?
1) Preventing the passage of red blood cells
2) Regulating ion transport
3) Preventing the passage of proteins
4) Maintaining the structure of the renal corpuscle
The GBM is a critical component of the glomerular filtration barrier that normally prevents the passage of proteins into the urine. In the nephrotic syndrome, there are alterations in the GBM that lead to increased permeability and loss of proteins, particularly albumin, into the glomerular filtrate.
The following feature may raise the suspicion of TB
1) Persistent cough
2) Spontaneous pneumothorax
3) Haemoptysis
4) All
General Medicine
Answer: 4
The following features may raise the suspicion of TB: persistent cough, spontaneous pneumothorax, and haemoptysis
Amphoric breathing is seen in
1) Pneumothorax
2) Pericarditis
3) Pneumonia
4) Pleural effusion
General Medicine
Answer: 1
Amphoric breathing is seen in pneumothorax
What is the primary role of the anterior pituitary gland in the development and function of the reproductive system?
1) It produces sex hormones directly
2) It regulates the production of gonadal hormones
3) It produces GH, which is essential for sexual maturation
4) It regulates the menstrual cycle in females
The anterior pituitary gland produces follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which are essential for the development and function of the reproductive system. FSH and LH regulate the production of sex hormones, such as estrogen and testosterone, in the gonads (ovaries and testes).
A 45-year-old male presents with severe epigastric pain radiating to the back, nausea, vomiting, and malaise after consuming a large meal at a buffet. His stool is watery and non-bloody. His blood pressure is normal. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
1) Peptic ulcer
2) Gallstones
3) Pancreatitis
4) Clostridium perfringens food poisoning
The rapid onset of symptoms after a large meal at a buffet, along with the presence of severe epigastric pain and watery diarrhea, suggests a gastrointestinal infection. Clostridium perfringens is a common cause of foodborne illness and typically presents within 8 to 16 hours of ingestion. The condition is usually self-limiting and improves with supportive care.