MDS PREP
The drug of choice for the treatment of thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy is?
1 Carbimazole
2 Iodine therapy
3 Propylthiouracil
4 Metimazole
Pharmacology Answer: 3
Thyroid inhibitors
a) Inhibit hormone synthesis (anti thyroid drugs): Propylthiouracil, Methimazole, Carbimazole
b) Inhibit iodine trapping (ionic inhibitors): Thiocyanates, Perchlorates, Nitrates.
c) Inhibit hormone release: Iodine, NaI, Kl
d) Destroy thyroid tissue: Radioactive iodine
Drug used in acute gout is?
1) Aspirin
2) Indomethacin
3) Phenylbutazone
4) Allopurinol
Pharmacology Answer: 4
Treatment of acute gout is mainly to control symptoms, i.e. pain, swelling etc.
The symptoms of acute gout are due to inflammation in the joints.
So, drugs which decrease inflammation are used in acute gout, i.e. anti-inflammatory drugs. Drugs are:- NSAIDs, Colchicine, Corticosteroids
Drugs mostly cross biological membranes by
1) Passive diffusion
2) Active diffusion
3) Active transport
4) Carrier mediated transport
Pharmacology Answer: 1
Passive diffusion: The movement of drug across a membrane in a manner driven solely by the concentration gradient. In passive diffusion, drug moves from a region of greater concentration to a region of lesser concentration.
Which of the following antiviral drugs cannot be given orally?
1) Zidovudine
2) Zalcitabine
3) Acyclovir
4) Iodoxuridine
Pharmacology Answer: 4
Idoxuridine acts as an antiviral agent against DNA viruses by inhibiting thymidilate phosphorylase and viral DNA polymerases.
The effect of Idoxuridine results in the inability of the virus to reproduce or to infect/destroy tissue.
This product is available in the following dosage forms:Solution and Ointment
Clinically significant drug interaction occurs between pyridoxine and all the following drugs except?
1) Isoniazid
2) Cyclosporine
3) Levodopa
4) Hydralazine
Pharmacology Answer: 2
Pyridoxine – drug interactions :
INH – induces a pyridoxine deficiency state
Levodopa – pyridoxine promotes peripheral conversion of levodopa to dopamine – thus it decreases therapeutic action of levodopa in the brain
Oral contraceptive pills – decrease pyridoxine levels in some females
Hydralazine – impairment of pyridoxine utilisation
4-deoxy pyridoxine – pyridoxine antagonist
Ethosuximide is the drug of choice for treatment of ?
1) Generalized tonic clonic seizures
2) Absence seizures
3) Simple partial seizures
4) Complex partial seizures
Pharmacology Answer: 2
Ethosuximide is the drug of choice for treatment of absence seizures.
Other drugs used in the management of absence seizures are valproic acid, lamotrigine and clonazepam.
A dental patient on clonidine therapy for hypertension most often complains of
1) Xerostomia
2) Frequent visit to the bathroom
3) Restlessness
4) Postural hypertension
Pharmacology Answer: 1
Clonidine cause significant CNS depression and xerostomia
Dopamine is preferred in treatment of shock because of
1) Renal Vasodilatory effect
2) Increased Cardiac Output
3) Peripheral Vasoconstriction
4) Prolonged action
Pharmacology Answer: 1
Dopamine as a first line of drug in patients with shock
Dopamine in low doses can dilate renal vasculature therefore maintaining glomerular filtration.
Activates adenylate cyclase - cAMP – relaxation of vascular smooth muscle