MDS PREP
True about Sickle cell anemia except -
1) Commonly seen in black
2) R.B.C. size is altered
3) Valine for Glutamic acid in ?-chain globin
4) Deletion of gene
General Pathology
Answer: 4
Deletion of a gene is not true about sickle cell anemia; it is caused by a point mutation, not a deletion.
Osmotic fragility is increased in -
1) Sickle cell anaemia
2) Thalassemia
3) Hereditary spherocytosis
4) Chronic lead poisoning
General Pathology
Answer: 3
Osmotic fragility is increased in hereditary spherocytosis due to the abnormal shape and membrane stability of red blood cells.
The following is an example of non-particulate radiation
1. X-rays and gamma rays
2. Electrons and beta rays
3. X-rays and beta rays
4. X-rays and electrons
Oral Pathology
Answer: 1
X-rays and gamma rays are examples of non-particulate radiation.
A 23-year-old female presented with jaundice and pallor for 2 months. Her peripheral blood smear shows the presence of spherocytes. The most relevant investigation to arrive at a diagnosis is -
1) Reticulocyte count
2) Osmotic fragility test
3) Coombs test
4) Tests for PNH
General Pathology
Answer: 3
The osmotic fragility test is the most relevant investigation for diagnosing hereditary spherocytosis, as it assesses the red blood cells' ability to withstand osmotic stress.
In sickle cell trait, number of bands found in Hb-
1) 2
2) 1
3) 4
4) 5
General Pathology
Answer: 1
In sickle cell trait, the number of bands found in hemoglobin is typically 2, representing both HbA and HbS.
Following are the findings in sickle cell Anemia, except -
1) Fish vertebra
2) Enlarged heart
3) Splenomegaly usually seen
4) Leukocytosis
General Pathology
Answer: 3
Splenomegaly is not usually seen in sickle cell anemia; instead, autosplenectomy often occurs due to repeated splenic infarctions.
A wound which Was sutured attains:
1. Normal tensile strength after 6 months
2. 70-80% of tensile strength of unwounded skin which may persist for life
3. 100% tensile strength of unwounded skin after 9 months
4. 100% of tensile strength can be achieved if sutures were of nylon or vicryl
Pathology Answer: 2
The newly formed collagen in the scar tissue is arranged differently compared to the organized collagen fibers in the unwounded skin, leading to a weaker structure. The 70-80% tensile strength is typically what is seen in well-healed sutured wounds. This remaining deficit is because scar tissue is less elastic and more prone to dehiscence (reopening) under tension compared to normal skin.
A 65-year-old man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents with increasing shortness of breath, productive cough, and fatigue. His chest X-ray shows hyperinflation of the lungs with flattened diaphragms. Which of the following medications is most likely contributing to his symptoms?
1) Inhaled corticosteroids
2) Long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs)
3) Anticholinergics
4) Oxygen therapy
Long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) can contribute to symptoms of increasing shortness of breath in patients with COPD.