MDS PREP
Defect leading to thalassemia lies in -
1) Haemoglobin
2) Osmotic fragility
3) RBC membrane
4) Platelets
General Pathology
Answer: 1
The defect leading to thalassemia lies in the hemoglobin itself, specifically in the globin chain synthesis.
The antecedents of Sq. cell carcinoma is/are:
1. Leukoplakia
2. Solar keratosis
3. Margins of long standing draining sinuses
4. All of the above
Pathology
Answer: 4
All of the listed conditions (leukoplakia, solar keratosis, and margins of long-standing draining sinuses) are known precursors to squamous cell carcinoma.
Which of the following facilitates comparison between different radiation
1. Rad
2. Rem
3. Roentgen
4. Quality factor
Oral Pathology
Answer: 2
Rem facilitates comparison between different types of radiation.
Reversible pulpitis change to irreversible pulpits primarily because of
1) Vascular strangulation
2) Reduced host resistance
3) Invasion of microorganisms
4) An increase in microbial virulence
Oral Pathology
Answer: 3
Reversible pulpitis changes to irreversible pulpitis primarily because of
invasion of microorganisms.
Reversible pulpitis is a condition where the pulp is inflamed but can
potentially heal if the causative agent is removed and the pulp remains vital.
Irreversible pulpitis, however, occurs when the inflammation is severe or
chronic, leading to irreversible damage to the pulp. The primary reason for this
progression is typically the invasion of microorganisms and their byproducts,
which can cause further inflammation and necrosis of pulpal tissue, making
healing unlikely.
What is the primary mechanism leading to increased cortisol levels in Cushing's disease?
1) Ectopic ACTH secretion by a tumor
2) Adrenal adenoma secreting cortisol autonomously
3) Excessive pituitary prolactin production
4) Cortisol resistance at the tissue level
An adrenal adenoma secreting cortisol autonomously is the primary mechanism leading to increased cortisol levels in Cushing's disease.
Which of the following genetic conditions is MOST likely to be the cause of a child born with a small head, small eyes, six fingers on each hand, and congenital heart defects?
1) Trisomy 13
2) Trisomy 18
3) Trisomy 21
4) XXY
Trisomy 13 is associated with congenital anomalies such as a small head, small eyes, and congenital heart defects.
Using "B" film, exposure is 1 R. What is the exposure when "D" film is used
1. 1 R
2. 1/2 R
3. 1/4 R
4. 1/8 R
Oral Pathology
Answer: 3
Using "B" film, exposure of 1 R will be reduced to 1/4 R when "D" film is used.
The histiocytosis X is a spectrum of disorders, which include the following conditions
1. Eosinophilic granuloma
2. Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
3. Letterer-Siwe disease
4. All of the above
Oral Pathology
Answer: 4
Histiocytosis X includes eosinophilic granuloma, Hand-Schuller-Christian disease, and Letterer-Siwe disease.