MDS PREP
A 30 year old pregnant woman developes tuberculosis. Which of the following antitubercular drugs should not be used:
1) INH
2) Rifampicin
3) Streptomycin
4) Ethambutol
Pharmacology Answer: 3
Streptomycin is contraindicated in pregnant women because of fetal ototoxicity.
All of the following drugs cross the placenta except?
1) Phenytoin
2) Diazepam
3) Morphine
4) Heparin
Pharmacology Answer: 4
Heparin Heparin does not the cross the placenta.
Hence its safe for use in pregnant patients who need anticoagulation.
The cause of death with opioid intoxication is
1. respiratory depression
2. cardiac arrest
3. terminal convulsions
4. oxygen apnea
Pharmacology
Answer: 1
The cause of death with opioid intoxication is respiratory depression
Which of the following antihypertensive drugs should not be used in a patient on Lithium in order to prevent Lithium Toxicity?
1) Clonidine
2) Beta blockers
3) Calcium Channel Blockers
4) Diuretics
Pharmacology Answer: 4
Diuretics increase sodium loss in urine and increase lithium retention. Hence they should not be used in patients on Lithium.
One of the side-effects of prilocaine is
1) Gastric bleeding
2) Porphyria
3) Photophobia
4) Methemoglobinemia
Pharmacology Answer: 4
Methemoglobinemia is a condition in which the iron within hemoglobin is oxidized from the ferrous (Fe2+) state to the ferric (Fe3+) state, resulting in the inability to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide. Clinically, this condition causes cyanosis, often posing a diagnostic dilemma
usually results from exposure to oxidizing substances (such as nitrates or nitrites, aniline dyes, or medications, including lidocaine, prilocaine, phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium], and others)
Morphine causes vomiting by
1. stimulation of the no dose ganglion of the vagus
2. direct stimulation of the gastrointestinal musculature
3. stimulation of the medullary chemo receptor trigger zone
4. a direct irritant action on the gastric mucosa.
Pharmacology
Answer: 3
Morphine causes vomiting by stimulation of the medullary chemo receptor trigger zone
Protamine sulphate reverses the effect of
1) Meperidine
2) Atropine
3) Hepartn
4) Strychnine.
Pharmacology Answer: 3
Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia may be associated with irreversible aggregation of platelets and treating venous thromboembolism. The incidence of thrombocytopenia after administration of LMWH is lower than with standard heparin. Adverse drug reactions like those caused by standard heparin have been seen during therapy with LMWH, and overdose is treated with protamine.
Which of the following is used to decrease the toxicity of amphotericin B?
1) Dose reduction
2) Liposomal delivery systems
3) Supplementing glucose
4) Giving it along with flucytosine
Pharmacology Answer: 2
Liposomal delivery systems decrease the amount of free drug in the blood Infected cells interact with the liposomes, resulting in the release of amphotericin B at the site of action.