MDS PREP
Which of following statement about drug action is false ?
1) Competitive antagonist has no intrinsic activity but affinity
2) Competitive antagonist has intrinsic activity and affinity
3) Partial agonist has submaximal intrinsic activity and affinity
4) Inverse agonists have affinity but minus intrinsic activity.
Pharmacology Answer: 2
Competitive antagonists bind to receptors but do not activate them, meaning they have no intrinsic activity. They have affinity for the receptor, allowing them to compete with agonists for binding.
Current evidence indicates that endorphins are
1. endogenous molecules having morphine like properties
2. receptors located in the periaqueductal grey area of the brain Which are sensitive to opiates
3. large polypeptides that regulate renal activity
4. central nervous system transmitters implicated in depressive psychoses
Pharmacology
Answer: 1
endorphins are endogenous molecules having morphine like properties
Dopamine is preferred in treatment of shock because of
1) Renal Vasodilatory effect
2) Increased Cardiac Output
3) Peripheral Vasoconstriction
4) Prolonged action
Pharmacology Answer: 1
Dopamine as a first line of drug in patients with shock
Dopamine in low doses can dilate renal vasculature therefore maintaining glomerular filtration.
Activates adenylate cyclase - cAMP – relaxation of vascular smooth muscle
The most appropriate drug for treatment of generalized tonic-clonic (grand mal) is:
1) valproate
2) methylphenidate
3) ethosuximide
4) diazepam
Pharmacology Answer: 1
For generalized tonic-clonic seizures, phenytoin, carbamazepine, or valproate is the drug of choice.
Local anaesthetic used as an antiarrhythmic agent is:
1) Bupivacaine
2) Lignocaine
3) Cocaine
4) Chlorprocaine
Pharmacology Answer: 2
It is also used to treat ventricular tachycardia and to perform nerve blocks
Dosage Of Local Anesthesia:
1) Safety dose of 2% Lignocaine is 4.5mg/kg without a Vasoconstrictor
Without a Vasoconstrictor 300 mg (maximum dose)
2) Safety dose of 2% Lignocaine is 7mg/kg with a Vasoconstrictor
With a Vasoconstrictor – 500 mg (maximum dose)
3) As 1ml of 2% Lignocaine contains 20mg – Where the Maximum safety dose being 300 mg
So 15 ml of Drug can be given safely
4) 1:1,00,000 concentration means 1 part of Adrenaline is 1,00,000 parts of Solution
Safety Dose of Adrenaline for Dental Use in normal patients is 0.2 mg – which means 20 ml of LA can be given to normal patients containing Adrenaline
For cardiac Patients the safety dose of Adrenaline is 0.04mg – Which means 4ml of LA can be given to Patients with cardiac problems containing Adrenaline
5) If the concentration of LA is 1:50,000 – 10 ml of LA can be given safely
The effects of hypoglycemia is marked by
1) Warfarin
2) Beta blockers
3) Calcium channel blockers
4) Amino glycosides
Pharmacology Answer: 2
Beta blockers
Hypoglycemia can occur with beta-blockade because b2- adrenoceptors normally stimulate hepatic glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) and pancreatic release of glucagon, which work together to increase plasma glucose.
Penicillinase may inactivate penicillin by splitting the
1. beta-lactum ring
2. benzene ring
3. amide bond
4. thiazolidine ring
Pharmacology
Answer: 1
Penicillinase may inactivate penicillin by splitting the beta-lactum ring
Which of the following antiviral drugs cannot be given orally?
1) Zidovudine
2) Zalcitabine
3) Acyclovir
4) Iodoxuridine
Pharmacology Answer: 4
Idoxuridine acts as an antiviral agent against DNA viruses by inhibiting thymidilate phosphorylase and viral DNA polymerases.
The effect of Idoxuridine results in the inability of the virus to reproduce or to infect/destroy tissue.
This product is available in the following dosage forms:Solution and Ointment