MDS PREP
What phenomenon is responsible when a person sets off the metal detector at the airport, despite removing their watch, belt buckle, and every other obvious source of metal?
1) Argyria
2) Gall stones
3) Hemochromatosis
4) Kidney stones
Hemochromatosis is a condition characterized by excessive iron accumulation in the body, which can lead to a false positive on metal detectors due to high iron levels in tissues.
Trigeminal neuralgia ( tic doulourex ) is characterized by
1. Paralysis of one side of the face
2. Uncontrollable twitching of muscles
3. Sharp, excruciating pain of short duration
4. Prolonged episodes of pain on one side of the face
Oral Pathology
Answer: 3
Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic pain
condition involving the trigeminal nerve, which supplies sensation to the face.
The hallmark symptom is sudden, severe, stabbing or electric-shock-like pain,
typically lasting for seconds to a few minutes. This pain is often triggered by
stimuli such as touching the face, chewing, or even speaking. Other options
(e.g., paralysis or prolonged episodes) do not describe this condition
accurately.
Rumpel Leede or the torniquet test is a measure of
1. Blood pressure
2. Capillary fragility
3. Factor IX deficiency
4. Clotting time
Oral Pathology
Answer: 2
Rumpel Leede or the tourniquet test measures capillary fragility.
Zenkers degeneration is?
1) Coagulative necrosis
2) Liquefactive necrosis
3) Fibroid necrosis
4) Caseous necrosis
General Pathology Answer: 1Zenkers degeneration is characterized by coagulative necrosis, typically seen in cases of ischemia or infarction.
All are true regarding Sarcoidosis except -
1. Dry cough
2. Exertional Dyspnoea
3. Wheezing
4. Hemoptysis
Pathology Answer: 4
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology that can
affect any organ in the body. It is characterized by the formation of non-caseating
granulomas, which are clumps of inflammatory cells that cluster together in
response to an unidentified antigen. The lungs and lymph nodes are most commonly
involved. Here's a detailed explanation for each of the options:
1. Dry cough: This is a common symptom of pulmonary sarcoidosis. The cough is
usually persistent and non-productive, meaning it does not bring up mucus or
phlegm. The presence of a dry cough is not contradicted in the statement "All
are true regarding Sarcoidosis except," so this option is not the correct
answer.
2. Exertional dyspnoea: Shortness of breath on exertion can occur in individuals
with pulmonary sarcoidosis due to the inflammation and granuloma formation in
the lungs. This symptom can be a result of the impaired lung function and
decreased lung capacity caused by the disease. Therefore, this is also a true
statement regarding sarcoidosis.
3. Wheezing: Wheezing is a high-pitched whistling sound that occurs during
breathing, typically heard when airways become narrowed or blocked. It can be a
symptom of pulmonary sarcoidosis, particularly if the disease involves the
bronchi and bronchioles, leading to bronchial obstruction and airflow
limitation. However, it is not the primary symptom and may be less common than
the other respiratory symptoms mentioned.
4. Hemoptysis: While hemoptysis, or coughing up blood, is not a hallmark symptom
of sarcoidosis, it can occur in some cases, particularly when the granulomas are
located in the lungs. It is usually mild and self-limited, but severe cases can
lead to significant bleeding. This is a true statement regarding sarcoidosis, as
it is a possible, although less common, respiratory symptom of the disease.
Since all the options (1, 2, and 4) are true regarding Sarcoidosis
Pink"s disease is due to
1. Toxicity of silver
2. Toxicity of mercury
3. Toxicity of lead
4. Toxicity of tetracycline
Oral Pathology
Answer: 2
Pink's disease is due to the toxicity of mercury.
The following protein defects can cause hereditary spherocytosis except -
1) Ankyrin
2) Palladin
3) Glycophorin C
4) Anion transport protein
General Pathology
Answer: 3
Glycophorin C is not associated with hereditary spherocytosis; it is a sialoglycoprotein found in the red blood cell membrane, while ankyrin, palladin, and anion transport protein are involved in the structural integrity of the membrane.
When a shielded open cone is used the gonadal dose to a patient is mainly from
1. Leakage from tube
2. Primary X-ray tube
3. Scatters from patient"s face
4. All of the above
Oral Pathology
Answer: 3
The gonadal dose mainly comes from leakage from the tube when using a shielded open cone.