MDS PREP
What is the typical presentation of the severe form of osteopetrosis?
1) Asymptomatic in adulthood
2) Death in childhood
3) Mild symptoms in childhood
4) Normal bone density
The severe form of osteopetrosis typically presents with death in childhood due to complications from the disease.
Defect leading to thalassemia lies in -
1) Haemoglobin
2) Osmotic fragility
3) RBC membrane
4) Platelets
General Pathology
Answer: 1
The defect leading to thalassemia lies in the hemoglobin itself, specifically in the globin chain synthesis.
Reticulocytosis is seen in -
1) Hemolytic anemia
2) Megaloblastic anemia
3) Aplastic anemia
4) Iron deficiency
General Pathology
Answer: 1
Reticulocytosis is commonly seen in hemolytic anemia, where there is increased production of red blood cells in response to anemia.
Which of the following is a common complication of chronic fundal (type 1) gastritis?
1) Pernicious anemia
2) Gastric ulcers
3) Gastric adenocarcinoma
4) Thyrotoxicosis
Pernicious anemia is a common complication of chronic fundal (type 1) gastritis due to the loss of intrinsic factor.
What of the following is characterized by left lower quadrant periumbilical pain in an elderly person, with the presence of fever, tender abdomen, leukocytosis, nausea, and vomiting?
1) Acute appendicitis
2) Diverticulitis
3) Gallstones
4) Pancreatitis
General Pathology Answer: 2
Diverticulitis is characterized by left lower quadrant pain, fever, and leukocytosis, especially in elderly patients.
What is a characteristic feature of osteopetrosis?
1) Increased osteoclast activity
2) Thick and brittle bones
3) Elevated serum calcium
4) Increased bone resorption
Osteopetrosis is characterized by thick and brittle bones due to increased osteoclast activity, which is impaired, leading to abnormal bone remodeling.
Sickle cell mutation is -
1) Point mutation
2) Select mutation
3) Frame shift mutation
4) Nonsense mutation
General Pathology
Answer: 1
Sickle cell mutation is a point mutation, specifically a single nucleotide substitution in the ?-globin gene.
All of the following statements about the typical feature of a periapical
granuloma are true EXCEPT
1) It consists of proliferating granulation tissue
2) It can form only if the periapical bone is resorbed
3) It shows evidence of local antibody production
4) It results from immunologically mediated tissue damage
Oral Pathology Answer: 2
Periapical granulomas were diagnosed as well-circumscribed periapical
radiolucency measuring less than 1.5 cm in diameter, periapical cysts were
characterized by well-defined periapical radiolucency with sclerotic borders
measuring greater than 1.5 cm, and periapical abscesses were characterized by
ill-defined periapical radiolucency with diffuse margins.
While bone resorption can occur in the presence of a periapical granuloma, it
is not a prerequisite for its formation. A periapical granuloma can develop in
response to pulp necrosis or infection without necessarily requiring bone
resorption to occur first. The granuloma can form as a reaction to the
inflammatory process, regardless of the state of the surrounding bone.