MDS PREP
Which of the following has the potential of undergoing spontaneous malignant transformation
1. Osteomalacia
2. Albright"s syndrome
3. Paget"s disease of bone
4. Osteogenesis imperfecta
Oral Pathology
Answer: 3
Paget's disease of bone has the potential for spontaneous malignant transformation.
In sickle cell trait, number of bands found in Hb-
1) 2
2) 1
3) 4
4) 5
General Pathology
Answer: 1
In sickle cell trait, the number of bands found in hemoglobin is typically 2, representing both HbA and HbS.
Hyperplasia or hypertrophy of minor salivary glands in the palate may be associated with all of the following except
1. Pernicious anaemia or iron deficiency anaemia
2. Alcoholism
3. Diabetes mellitus
4. Menopause
Oral Pathology
Answer: 1
Hyperplasia or hypertrophy of minor salivary glands in the palate is not typically associated with pernicious anemia.
Ramsay Hunt syndrome affects which nerve
1. 5th nerve
2. 7th nerve
3. 9th nerve
4. 10th nerve
Oral Pathology
Answer: 2
Ramsay Hunt syndrome affects the 7th nerve.
A 65-year-old man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents with increasing shortness of breath, productive cough, and fatigue. His chest X-ray shows hyperinflation of the lungs with flattened diaphragms. Which of the following medications is most likely contributing to his symptoms?
1) Inhaled corticosteroids
2) Long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs)
3) Anticholinergics
4) Oxygen therapy
Long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) can contribute to symptoms of increasing shortness of breath in patients with COPD.
Extensive cellulitis is known as:
1. Phlegm
2. Phlegmon
3. Cellulitis majora
4. Cellulitis prima
Pathology Answer: 2
Extensive cellulitis is most accurately described by the term "phlegmon
Phlegm is a thick, viscous substance produced by the respiratory tract,
especially during a respiratory infection, which can be coughed up from the
lungs or expelled from the nose. It is primarily composed of mucus, dead cells,
and other substances.
Phlegmon is a term that is closely related to extensive cellulitis. It refers
to a severe form of cellulitis where the infection has spread deeply into the
subcutaneous tissues and is accompanied by significant inflammation, including
the presence of pus and necrosis. Phlegmon is characterized by intense pain,
swelling, redness, and warmth in the affected area. This condition often
requires aggressive medical management, including intravenous antibiotics and
surgical drainage if an abscess forms. It is an advanced and severe stage of
cellulitis that can lead to systemic infection if not treated properly.
Which of the following is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in adults leading to myxedema?
1) Cretinism
2) Grave's disease
3) Hyperthyroidism
4) Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in adults leading to myxedema.
All of the following are chromosomal breakage syndromes except:
1) Fanconi’s anemia
2) Ehler-Danlos syndrome
3) Bloom’s syndrome
4) Ataxia telangiectasia
General Pathology
Answer: 2
Ehler-Danlos syndrome is not a chromosomal breakage syndrome; it is a connective tissue disorder caused by defects in collagen synthesis.