General Medicine

Bacterial infectious diseases Anthrax - an acute infectious disease caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis - Anthrax can enter the human body through the intestines (ingestion), lungs (inhalation), or skin (cutaneous). 1. Pulmonary (pneumonic, respiratory, or inhalation) anthrax Respiratory infection initially presents with cold or flu-like symptoms for several days, followed by severe (and often fatal) respiratory collapse. A lethal dose of anthr…

Histoplasmosis Histoplasmosis is a disease caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. Its symptoms vary greatly, but the disease primarily affects the lungs. Occasionally, other organs are affected—this form of the disease is called disseminated histoplasmosis, and it can be fatal if untreated. H. capsulatum grows in soil and material contaminated with bat or bird droppings. Spores become airborne when contaminated soil is disturbed. Breathing the s…

Chickenpox Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), also known as human herpes virus 3 (HHV-3) Chickenpox is highly infectious and spreads from person to person by direct contact or through the air from an infected person’s coughing or sneezing A persons with chickenpox is contagious 1-2 days before the rash appears and until all blisters have formed scabs It takes 5- 10 days 0-21 days after contact with an infected person for s…

 •  Simple faint  •  Diabetic collapse secondary to hypoglycaemia  •  Epileptic seizure  •  Anaphylaxis  •  Cardiac arrest  •  Stroke  •  Adrenal crisis…

1. Anaphylaxis      - Adrenaline (epinephrine) injection 1:1000, 1 mg/ml     - Intramuscular adrenaline (0.5 ml of 1 in 1000 solution)      - Repeat at 5 minutes if needed 2. Hypoglycaemia     - Oral glucose solution/tablets/gel/powder      - Glucagon injection 1 mg  Intramuscular     - Proprietary non-diet drink or 5 g glucose powder in water&n…