General Surgery

An ulcer is a break in the continuity of the skin or the mucous membrane. Mode of onset:  Traumatic ulcers heal when the traumatic agent is removed., If it persists it becomes chronic as in the case of dental ulcer of the tongue. Ulcers may develop spontaneously as in the case of gumma (syphilitic ulcer). It may develop with varicose veins called varicose ulcer, which develops in the lower third of the leg. Sometimes a malignant ulcer develops in a scar c…

Dautrey Procedure The Dautrey procedure is a surgical intervention aimed at preventing dislocation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by creating a mechanical obstacle that restricts abnormal forward translation of the condylar head. This technique is particularly beneficial for patients who experience recurrent TMJ dislocations or subluxations, especially when conservative management strategies have proven ineffective. Indications: …

Types of Head Injury 1. Extradural Hematoma (EDH) Overview Demographics: Most common in young male patients. Association: Always associated with skull fractures. Injured Vessel: Middle meningeal artery. Common Site of Injury: Temporal bone at the pterion (the thinnest part of the skull), which overlies the middle meningeal artery. Location of Hematoma: Between the bone and the dura mater. Other Common Sites Frontal fossa Posterior fos…

SHOCK Shock  is  defined  as  a  pathological  state  causing  inadequate  oxygen  delivery  to  the peripheral tissues and resulting in lactic acidosis, cellular hypoxia and disruption of normal metabolic condition. CLASSIFICATION Shock is generally classified into three major categories: 1.    Hypovolemic shock 2.    Cardiogenic shock 3.    Di…