Study Notes

Mesial Shift in Dental Development Mesial shift refers to the movement of teeth in a mesial (toward the midline of the dental arch) direction. This phenomenon is particularly relevant in the context of mixed dentition, where both primary (deciduous) and permanent teeth are present. Mesial shifts can be categorized into two types: early mesial shift and late mesial shift. Understanding these shifts is important for orthodontic treatme…

DEGENERATION Definition:   Reversible cell injury. (1) Water accumulation in the form   of  (i)          Cloudy   swelling. (ii)         Vacuolar   degeneration. .(ill)        Hydropic   degeneration. This change  is commonly   seen  in parenchymal  &n…

Antimania Drugs MANIC SYMPTOMSMANIC SYMPTOMS Elevated  or irritable mood Increased activity or psychomotor agitation Reduced need for sleep Inflated self esteem or grandiosity Increased or pressure of speech Flight of ideas These drugs are used to treat manic-depressive illness. 1. Lithium 2. Carbamazepine 3. Valproic acid Mechanisms of action 1. Lithium works inside the cell to block conversion of inositol phosphate to inositol. 2. Ca…

Impression making is a critical step in prosthodontics and orthodontics, as it captures the details of the oral cavity for the fabrication of dental prostheses. There are several techniques for making impressions, each with its own principles and applications. Here, we will discuss three primary impression-making techniques: Mucostatic, Mucocompressive, and Selective Pressure Impression Techniques. 1. Mucostatic or Passive Impression Technique Propose…

PFM Alloys Applications-substructures for porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns and bridges   Classification o    High-gold alloys o    Palladium-silver alloys o    Nickel-chromium alloys Structure Composition o    High-gold alloys are 98% gold. platinum. And palladium o    Palladium-silver alloys are 50% to 60% palladium and 30 to 40% silver o    Nickel-chromiu…