Study Notes

Cribriform plate: Roof of olfactory region Nasolacrimal duct: Opens into inferior meatus; post – DCR → middle meatus Ethmoidal nerves: Anterior: Nasal septum, mucosa, skin Posterior: Ethmoidal & sphenoidal sinuses Infraorbital fissure: ~20 mm from orbital rim Superior orbital fissure: ~35 mm from frontozygomatic suture Optic canal: ≥42 mm from anterior lacrimal crest…

Cardiovascular Effects of Sevoflurane, Halothane, and Isoflurane Sevoflurane: Maintains cardiac index and heart rate effectively. Exhibits less hypotensive and negative inotropic effects compared to halothane. Cardiac output is greater than that observed with halothane. Recovery from sevoflurane anesthesia is smooth and comparable to isoflurane, with a shorter time to standing than halothane. Halothane:…

HERPES ZOSTER (Shingles) An infection with varicella-zoster virus primarily involving the dorsal root ganglia and characterized by vesicular eruption and neuralgic pain in the dermatome of the affected root ganglia. caused by varicella-zoster virus Symptoms and Signs Pain along the site of the future eruption usually precedes the rash by 2 to 3 days. Characteristic crops of vesicles on an erythematous base then appear, following the cutaneous distributi…

 Ketogenic Only Amino Acid Leucine (L) Lysine (K)  Mnemonic: "LL is Keto" (Leucine, Lysine) Glucogenic Only Amino Acids Most others except those listed below as ketogenic or both Both Ketogenic & Glucogenic Amino Acid Isoleucine (I) Phenylala…