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Vital Capacity: The vital capacity (VC) is the maximum volume which can be ventilated in a single breath. VC= IRV+TV+ERV. VC varies with gender, age, and body build. Measuring VC gives a device for diagnosis of respiratory disorder, and a benchmark for judging the effectiveness of treatment. (4600 ml) Vital Capacity is reduced in restrictive disorders, but not in disorders which are purely obstructive. The FEV1 is the % of the vital capacity which is expelled …
Paracetamol Paracetamol or acetaminophen is analgesic and antipyretic drug that is used for the relief of fever, headaches, and other minor aches and pains. paracetamol acts by reducing production of prostaglandins, which are involved in the pain and fever processes, by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme. Metabolism Paracetamol is metabolized primarily in the liver. At usual doses, it is quickly detoxified by combining irreversibly with the su…
Supporting Cusps in Dental Occlusion Supporting cusps, also known as stamp cusps, centric holding cusps, or holding cusps, play a crucial role in dental occlusion and function. They are essential for effective chewing and maintaining the vertical dimension of the face. This guide will outline the characteristics, functions, and clinical significance of supporting cusps. Supporting Cusps: These are the cusps of the maxillary and mandibular teeth that m…
Casting Alloys Applications-inlay, onlay, crowns, and bridges Terms a. Precious-based on valuable elements b. Noble or immune-corrosion-resistant element or alloy c. Base or active-corrosion-prone alloy d. Passive -corrosion resistant because of surface oxide film e. Karat (24 karat is 100% gold; 18 karat is 75% gold) f. Fineness (1000 fineness is I00% gold; 500 fineness is 50% gold) Classification High-gold alloys are > 75% gold or othe…
Zones of Periodontal Disease Listgarten described four distinct zones that can be observed in periodontal lesions. These zones may blend with each other and may not be present in every case. Zones of Periodontal Disease Zone 1: Bacterial Zone Description: This is the most superficial zone, consisting of a diverse array of bacteria. Characteristics: The bacterial zone is primarily composed of various microbial species, including…
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